1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی/ دانشگاه تبریز
2استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه تبریز
3دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه تبریز
تاریخ دریافت: 23 مهر 1396،
تاریخ بازنگری: 06 مرداد 1398،
تاریخ پذیرش: 27 فروردین 1397
چکیده
در این پژوهش از دو نوع سوپرجاذب با نام آکوازورب و استاکوزورب و چهار نوع نمک شامل سولفاتسدیم، کلریدپتاسیم، کلریدکلسیم و کلرید سدیم در سه غلظت 005/0، 05/0 و 1/0 مولار استفاده شد. نتایج بهدست آمده نشان داد در ابتدای آزمایش، ظرفیت جذب آب آکوازورب بیشتر از استاکوزورب میباشد و عموما بعد از 30 الی 45 دقیقه، ظرفیت جذب ستاکوزورب در مقایسه با آکوازورب افزایش مییابد. نمکهای و در همه غلظتها بهترتیب کمترین و بیشترین تأثیر را در کاهش جذب نسبت به محلول شاهد برای هر دو سوپرجاذب آکوازورب و استاکوزورب داشتند. سرعت جذب نیز در تمامی محلولها با گذشت زمان کاهش یافت. همچنین افزایش غلظت محلولها نیز باعث کاهش سرعت جذب گردید. در تمامی محلولها، در دقایق ابتدایی آزمایش، کاهش سرعت جذب توسط آکوازورب در مقایسه با استاکوزورب کمتر بود. در مورد شوری محلولها پس از جذب آب توسط سوپرجاذبها نیز در همه غلظتها برای آکوازورب رابطه برقرار است. اما در مورد استاکوزورب، روند ثابتی در غلظتهای مختلف محلولها مشاهده نگردید. بر اساس نتایج حاصل شده، با توجه به سرعت جذب بیشتر آکوازورب نسبت به استاکوزروب در دقایق ابتدایی، در مناطقی که بارندگیها به صورت رگباری و با مدت زمان تداوم کمتر از 30 دقیقه رخ میدهد و نیز در مناطق عمده کشت دیم، کاربرد سوپرجاذب آکوازورب توصیه میگردد. همچنین با توجه به نتایج جذب در 24 ساعت و بالا بودن ظرفیت جذب استاکوزورب در مقایسه با آکوازورب، کاربرد استاکوزورب در شرایط کشت آبی توصیه میگردد.
Investigating the Effect of Salt Type and its Concentration on the Absorption Efficiency of the Superabsorbent
نویسندگان [English]
saeid jalili1؛
چکیده [English]
In this study, two types of superabsorbents (Aquasorb and Stockosorb) and four types of salt including sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium chloride with the concentrations of 0.005, 0.05 and 0.1 M were used. The results showed that in the early stages of the experiment, the absorption capacity of Aquasorb was higher than the Stockosorb and after 30 to 45 min, the absorption capacity of Stockosorb in most cases was increased in comparison to the Aquasorb. The NaCl and CaCl2 salts in all concentrations had the minimum and maximum effects on the decreased of absorption, compared to the reference solution for both superabsorbents, respectively. The rate of absorption in all solutions decreased over time. Also, increasing the concentration of solutions reduced the absorption rate. In all solutions, in the early stages of the experiment, the reduction in absorption rate by Aquasorb was lower than of the Stockosorb. After the water absorption by Aquasorb in all concentrations, the salinity order of solutions was as follows: Na2SO4 > CaCl2 > KCl > NaCl. However, in the case of Stockosorb, there was no consistent trend among the different concentrations of solutions. According to the obtained results and based upon the more absorption capacity of Aquasorb compared to the Stockosorb at initial times, application of Aquasorb absorbent is recommended in the areas in which cloudburst takes place at times less than 30 min and in the dry farming areas. Also, according to the absorption results obtained within 24 h and the high absorption capacity of Stockosorb in comparison with the Aquasorb, the application of Stockosorb is recommended in the irrigated agriculture conditions.
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