نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان

چکیده

برای بررسی تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک و کلسیم بر مقاومت به سرمازدگی دانهال­های پسته، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل اسید سالیسیلیک (صفر، 75/0 و 5/1 میلی‏مولار)، کلسیم (صفر، 3 و 6 در هزار) و دما (صفر، 2- و 4- درجه سلسیوس) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با کاهش دما به 4- درجه سلسیوس، درصد نشت یونی برگ افزایش یافت، لیکن با مصرف توامان اسید سالیسیلیک (5/1 میلی­مولار) و کلسیم (6 در هزار) این شاخص مهم سرمازدگی، با کاهش 47 درصدی نسبت به شاهد در همین دما، مواجه گردید. همچنین با کاهش دما (از صفر به 4- درجه سلسیوس)، ترکیبات فنلی و قندهای محلول به‌ترتیب 44 و 31 درصد و غلظت پرولین بیش از دو برابر نسبت به دانهال­های شاهد افزایش یافت، اما با مصرف توامان بالاترین غلظت­های اسید سالیسیلیک و کلسیم این پارامترهای القاء مقاومت به‌ترتیب با افزایش 44، 31 و 100 درصدی مواجه گردیدند. نتایج این آزمایش همچنین نشان داد که با کاهش دما، شاخص کلروفیل فلورسانس، کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئیدها، محتوای پروتئین‌های محلول و نشاسته کاهش یافت، ولی با مصرف توامان 5/1 میلی­مولار اسید سالیسیلیک و تیمار 6 در هزار کلسیم، مقدار این پارامترها نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. به‌طوری­که مقدار کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئیدها، پروتئین و نشاسته به‌ترتیب 87، 49، 25 و 99 درصد نسبت به شاهد در دمای 4- درجه سلسیوس افزایش و دانهال­های پسته را در مقابل تنش سرمایی محافظت نمود. براساس نتایج به‌دست آمده از این پژوهش، در شرایط تنش سرمایی، مصرف توامان اسید سالیسیلیک و کلسیم، از طریق بهبود پارامترهای فتوسنتزی و افزایش تنظیم‌کننده­های اسمزی، اثرات مخرب سرمازدگی دانهال‏های پسته را کاهش دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Salicylic Acid and Calcium on Chilling Resistance of Pistachios Seedlings, cv. Kaleghochi

نویسندگان [English]

  • vahid mozafari 1
  • fateme yazdanpanah 2

1 Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan Rafsanjan, Iran.

2 Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of salicylic acid and calcium on resistance chilling of pistachio seedlings, cv. Kale-Quchi, a factorial greenhouse experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted ofwere salicylic acid (0, 0.75 and 1.5 mM), calcium (0, 3 and 6 per thousand) and temperature (0, -2 and -4 °C). The results showed that, leaf electrolyte leakage percentage increased with decreasing temperature to -4 °C, but combined application of salicylic acid (1.5 mM) and calcium (6 per thousand) decreased this important indicator of chilling by 47 percent compared to control in this temperature. Also, with decreasing temperature (from 0 to -4 °C), the phenolic compounds, and soluble sugars and proline concentration incresed 44 and, 31 and 100 percent respectively and proline concentration more than two folds increaded compared to control seedlings. Also, the results of this experiment showed that the chlorophyll fluorescence index, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble proteins and starch content decreased with decreasing temperature, but with combined application of 1.5 mM salicylic acid and treatment ofcalcium (6 per thousand) calcium, the amount of these parameters increased these parameters compared to control. So that the content of total chlorophyll, carotenoids, protein and starch increased compared to control at 4 °C by 87, 49, 25 and 99 percent, respectively compared to control and protected pistachio seedlings against chilling. Based on the results of this study, in chilling conditions, the combined application of salicylic acid and calcium, by improving the photosynthetic parameters and increasing osmotic regulators, decreased detrimental effects of chilling of pistachio seedlings. in chilling conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calcium
  • Chilling
  • Phenolic compounds
  • Soluble sugars
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