مقایسه اثرات کاه و کلش بر کیفیت فیزیکی دو خاک ریز و درشت بافت از دشت مغان، شمال غرب ایران

اصغری, شکراله; سلحشور, سکینه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

² دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

در این مطالعه، اثرات کاه و کلش گندم بر شاخصهای کیفیت فیزیکی دو خاک لوم شنی و لوم رسی مقایسه گردید. آزمایش فاکتوریل (فاکتور اول کاه و کلش در 5 سطح صفر، 1، 2، 3 و 5 درصد وزنی و فاکتور دوم دو کلاس بافتی) در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار اجرا گردید. ستونهای خاک در دمای C° 4± 22 و رطوبت 50 تا 75 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه به مدت 6 ماه قرار گرفتند سپس ویژگیهای خاک در پایان ماه ششم اندازهگیری شد. پارامترهای α و n مدل ونگنوختن با نرم افزار RETC تعیین، توزیع اندازه منافذ خاک و شاخص دکستر (S_p) از روی دادههای منحنی رطوبتی محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از کاه و کلش در مقادیر 1 تا 5 درصد بهترتیب در دو خاک لوم شنی و لوم رسی، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانهها (MWD) را 5/87 تا 3/358 و 87/27 تا 92/104 درصد، هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع را 94/22 تا41/195 و 80 تا 86/162 درصد، رطوبت قابل استفاده را 27/16 تا 7/105 و 94/10 تا 35/96 درصد، پارامتر nرا 5/4 تا 8/21 و 74/1 تا 14/8 درصد و S_pرا 61/32 تا 91/73 و 62/5 تا 2/38 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش و پارامتر αرا 67/12 تا 15/59 و 25 تا 45 درصد نسبت به شاهد کاهش داد. شدت تأثیر کاه و کلش در مقادیر مصرفی بر بهبود کیفیت فیزیکی خاک لوم شنی بیشتر از لوم رسی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effects of Straw on Physical Quality of Two Fine and Coarse-Textured Soils from Moghan Plain, NorthWest of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

Shokrollah Asghari ¹
Sakineh Salahshoor ²

چکیده [English]

In this study, the effects of wheat straw on physical quality indices of two sandy loam and clay loam soils were compared. Factorial experiment was conducted as a randomized block design at 4 replicates. The first factor was straw used rates at 5 levels including 0, 1, 2, 3 and 5 mass percent; the second factor was 2 soil textural classes. Soil columns were incubated at the temperature of 22±4 °C and moisture of 50 to 75 percent of field capacity for 6 months then soil properties measured at the end of sixth month. The α and n parameters of van Genuchten model using RETC software, pore size distribution and Dexter S_p value using soil moisture curve data were calculated. Application of straw at the rates of 1 to 5%, significantly increased mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates from 87.5 to 358.3 and 27.87 to 104.92%, saturated hydraulic conductivity from 22.94 to 195.41 and 80 to 162.58%, available water capacity (AWC) from 16.27 to 105.7 and 10.94 to 96.35%, n parameter from 4.5 to 21.8 and 1.74 to 8.14% and S_p from 32.61 to 73.91 and 5.62 to 38.2% and decreased α parameter from 12.67 to 59.15 and 25 to 45% in sandy loam and clay loam soils, respectively. Consequently, improving effects of straw at the used rates on the sandy loam soil was more observable than clay loam soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Aggregate stability
Crop residue
Dexter Sp value
Pore size distribution
Soil texture

مراجع

References

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تحقیقات کاربردی خاک

مقایسه اثرات کاه و کلش بر کیفیت فیزیکی دو خاک ریز و درشت بافت از دشت مغان، شمال غرب ایران

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 4، شماره 1
شهریور 1395
صفحه 14-27

مقایسه اثرات کاه و کلش بر کیفیت فیزیکی دو خاک ریز و درشت بافت از دشت مغان، شمال غرب ایران

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 4، شماره 1شهریور 1395صفحه 14-27

دوره 4، شماره 1
شهریور 1395
صفحه 14-27