نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

سرب (Pb) از پرخطرترین عوامل آلودگی زیست­محیطی می­باشد که بر سلامت انسان و حیوانات تأثیر سوء دارد. حضور سرب در خاک باعث کاهش فعالیت­های بیولوژیکی خاک نیز می­شود. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تاثیر ورمی­کمپوست در کاهش اثر آلودگی سربی بر فعالیت ریزجانداران خاک بود. بدین منظور آزمایش گلخانه­ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی شامل فلز سرب (Pb) در چهار سطح (غلظت­های 0، 250، 500 و 1000 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) و ورمی­کمپوست (C) ضایعات هرس درختان سیب در سه سطح (0، 20 و 40 تن در هکتار) و در سه تکرار انجام شد. یک نمونه خاک با نمک نیترات سرب به­طوریکنواخت برای ایجاد غلظت­های مختلف، آلوده شد. بعد از سپری شدن دوره خواباندن (90 روز)، برخی شاخص­های بیولوژیک خاک اندازه­گیری گردید. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت سرب در خاک تنفس پایه میکروبی و برانگیخته و کربن زیست توده میکروبی به شدت کاهش یافتند. ولی با افزایش سطوح ورمی­کمپوست، این شاخص­های بیولوژیک بهبود یافتند. کاربرد 20 و 40 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست تنفس پایه میکروبی را بطور میانگین به­ترتیب بیش از 95/1 و 33/2 برابر نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. کربن زیست­توده میکروبی بطور میانگین در تیمار 40 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست، 18/3 برابر نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیش­تر بود. مقدار qCO2 در تیمار 20 کیلوگرم در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیش از 6/2 برابر افزایش نشان داد. بنابراین می­توان نتیجه گرفت که کاربرد ورمی­کمپوست باعث رفع تاثیر سوء سرب بر فعالیت ریزجانداران خاک می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Apple Pruning Vermicompost on Improving some Biological Properties of a Pb-Contaminated Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parinaz Khodaei 1
  • MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani 2
  • Habib Khodaverdiloo 2

چکیده [English]

Lead (Pb) is one of dangerous environmental contaminated factors which threaten the health of plants, animals and humans. Lead in the soil led to reduce the biological activities of soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vermicompost (C) of apple pruning wastes on microorganism’s activity of a Pb-contaminated soil. For this purpose an experiment was carried out in greenhouse condition as a factorial experiment based on a randomized completely design with two factors including Pb concentration in four levels (0, 250, 500 and 1000 mg Pb kg-1 soil) and vermicompost in three levels (0, 20 and 40 t ha-1). A soil sample was selected and spiked uniformly with different concentrations of Pb. These samples were incubated for 90 days, and then some biological experiments were measured. Results showed that by increasing the Pb concentration in soil, BR, SIR and MBC were reduced intensively, but these indices were improved by adding the vermicompost. Using 20 and 40 t ha-1 vermicompost increased BR up to 1.95 and 2.33 times higher than control treatment, respectively. MBC at 40 t ha-1 vermicompost application treatment on average was 3.18 times higher than control treatment. The amount of qCO2 increased up to 2.6 times in C20 (20 t ha-1 vermicompost) treatment compared to control. Therefore it could be concluded that application of vermicompost ameliorate the toxic impacts of Pb on microorganisms activity.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • lead (Pb)
  • Metabolic Quotient
  • Microbial biomass carbon (MBC)
  • Microbial respiration
  • Vermicompost
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