نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

اجزای مختلف عناصر در خاک تفاوت قابل­ملاحظه ای به­لحاظ واکنش­پذیری شیمیایی و زیست فراهمی دارند. توزیع عناصر در بین اجزای خاک جهت ارزیابی پتانسیل خاک برای تأمین مقادیر کافی عناصر غذایی کم مصرف جهت رشد گیاه دارای اهمیت است. روش­های عصاره­گیری دنباله­ای برای شناسایی و ارزیابی تحرک و فراهمی عناصر در نمونه­های خاک استفاده شده­اند. در این تحقیق ده نمونه خاک که از لحاظ ویژگی­های فیزیکی و شیمیایی متنوع بودند، از خاک­های کشاورزی استان گلستان جمع­آوری گردید. قابلیت استخراج و جزءبندی مس فاز جامد خاک با استفاده از دو روش عصاره­گیری دنباله­ای تعیین شد و سپس رابطه این اجزاء با یکدیگر و با جذب گیاهی بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقادیر مس تبادلی (3/٠ درصد) و پیوندیافته با کربنات­ها (۴/٠ درصد) بسیار پایین بود. مس در این خاک­ها غالباً با شبکه کریستالی کانی­ها متصل بود (روش تسیر 80% و روش سینگ 37%). در دیگر جزءها یعنی مس پیوند یافته با مواد آلی و متصل به اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز نتایج بدست آمده با دو روش به­طور قابل­ملاحظه­ای با هم متفاوت بود. این مطالعه نشان داد که انحلال اکسیدهای آهن در طی مرحله احیا روش تسیر ناقص بوده که این امر منجر به بیش­برآورد جزء باقی­مانده گردید. وجود رابطه معنی­دار و منفی (*692/0r=-) بین غلظت مس در گیاه و مس قابل استخراج با هیپوکلریت سدیم (پیوند یافته با مواد آلی، روش سینگ) در 10 خاک آهکی می­تواند بیانگر نقش برجسته مواد آلی در نگهداری و زیست فراهمی مس باشد. چنین ارتباطی در هنگام استفاده از روش تسیر حاصل نشد که می­تواند حاکی از تناسب هیپوکلریت سدیم (NaOCl) برای استفاده در روش­های عصاره­گیری دنباله­ای باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Two Sequential Extraction Procedures for Copper Fractionation in Some Soils of Golestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Alavi 1
  • Mojtaba Barani Motlagh 2
  • Esmaeil Dordipour 2

چکیده [English]

The different fractions of soil metals vary considerably in their chemical reactivity and bioavailability. The distribution of metals among soil components is important for assessing the soils potential to supply sufficient micronutrients for the growth of plant. The sequential extraction procedures have been used to identify and evaluate the mobility and the availability of the metals in soil samples. Ten soil samples with a wide range of chemical and physical properties were collected from agricultural soils of Golestan province. The extractability and solid-phase fractionation of copper (Cu) in the soils was determined by two different sequential extraction procedures and then studied relationship between this fractions together and with plant uptake. Results indicated that the amounts of Cu present in exchangeable form and associated with carbonates were very small (0.3 and 0.4%, respectively). Copper in these soils was dominantly associated with mineral lattices (Tessier procedure: 80%; Singh procedure: 37%). In the remaining fractions i.e. (associated with organic matter and associated with Mn and Fe oxides), the results obtained by Tessier et al. procedure were differed considerably from those obtained by employing Singh et al. procedure. This study demonstrated that dissolution of iron oxides was incomplete during the reductive step of Tessier’s scheme, leading to an overestimation of the residual fraction. Strong and negative correlation (r=-0.692*) was found between plant Cu concentration and the Sodium hypochlorite-extractable Cu (associated with organic matter, Singh procedure) in the 10 calcareous soils, suggesting a prominent role of organic matter in the retention and bioavailability of Cu. Such relation was not observed when employing Tessier’s scheme, suggesting suitability of NaOCl for use in the sequential extraction procedures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioavailability
  • Chemical forms
  • Maize
  • NaOCl
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