Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and siderophore on distribution of chemical fractions of Zn in soil and its uptake by corn
Hamideh
Nemati
M.Sc. Student, Department of Soil Science, University of Vali Asr Rafsanjan
author
Mohsen
hamid pur
Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, University of Vali Asr Rafsanjan
author
Peyman
Abbaszadeh
Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, University of Vali Asr Rafsanjan
author
Hamid Reza
Rosta
Professor, Department of Horticulture, University of Vali Asr Rafsanjan
author
text
article
2016
per
Successful phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soils largely depends on their bioavailability in soil. Samples of a contaminated soil with elevated concentration of Zn were applied in the pots to evaluate the interactive effects of DFOB siderophore (0, 70 and 140 μM kg−1) and metal tolerant bacterial inoculation (p0, p15, p18, and p19) on Zn accumulation in corn and metal speciation and sequential fractions in soil. Results indicated that bacterial inoculation increased Zn concentrations in corn shoot. Addition of DFOB (140 μM kg−1) to pots of the soil which was inoculated with p15 isolate significantly enhanced Zn concentration in roots as compared to control. The uptake of Zn by shoots was increased in pots inoculated by bacterial isolates compared to those in the un-amended soils. Ligand addition significantly enhanced the concentration of DTPA-extractable Zn. Also co-application of DFOB and bacterial inoculation significantly decreased Zn bound to carbonates fraction and increased water soluble Zn concentration. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that co-application of DFOB and metal tolerant bacteria are efficient in increasing the bioavailability of Zn when expressed relative to the control treatment, which might be of great significance for the successful phyto-extraction of Zn-polluted soils.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
1
17
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20190_1065ab622f31deb4e7fdd47967906b34.pdf
Comparison of potassium sorption characteristics of cultivated and virgin soils in Khoy region
Hasan
Peyghami Khoshemehr
MSc Student, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Iran
author
Ebrahim
Sepehr
Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Iran
author
HamidReza
Momtaz
Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
The present study was conducted to study of potassium sorption behavior of soil in Khoy region. Sorption isotherm was constructed in the laboratory by equilibrating and shaking 2.5 g soil with 25 ml of 0.01 mM CaCl2 containing 0-150 mg K L-1 as KCl for 24 h. After equilibrium, remaining concentration of potassium measured and potassium Quantity-Intensity (Q/I) curves and their parameters such as potassium buffering capacity (PBCK،( potassium activity ratio at equilibrium (AReK), readily exchangeable K (∆K0), standard potassium requirement (SKR), equilibrium potassium concentration (EKC) and energy of exchange (EK) were calculated. Mean comparison of paired soil samples indicated that the AReK, EKC and ∆K0 values of cultivated soils were significantly (p≤0.001) lower than those of virgin soils, indicating decreasing of potassium in the cultivated soils. As with cultivation, AReK mean decreased from 0.0188 to 0.0048 (mol.L-1)0.5 and ∆K0 mean decreased from 0.117 to 0.057 cmolc kg-1. Mean of equilibrium potassium concentration (EKC) in virgin and cultivated soils was 91 and 34 mg.l-1 respectively and PBC mean for cultivated and virgin soils measured 11.8 and 7.7 cmolc.kg-1/(mol.L-1)0.5 respectively. It was concluded that soils of studied region have relatively sufficient potassium for plants but cultivation and fertilizer management lead to a reduction in the amount of potassium in soils and increasing the adsorption parameters.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
18
28
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20191_6ccd41bf7079f642691d78683808caea.pdf
Isolation of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms from wheat rhizosphere and evaluation of the their solubilizing potential in presence of two insoluble phosphate sources
Razieh
Ebrahimi Karim Abad
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشدگروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Mir Hasan
Rasouli Sadaghiani
دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Mohsen
Barin
استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
text
article
2016
per
Phosphorus (P) is one of nutrient elements for plant growth. In most soils P has complex behavior and forms sparingly soluble and insoluble compounds with soil particles. Phosphorus bioavailability can be controlled by soil biological activities for optimum nutrition of plants. This study was carried out in order to isolation of P-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as well as P-solubilizing fungi (PSF) and their screening in terms of P solubilizing potential in presence of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and rock phosphate (RP). A total of 55 soil samples were taken from the wheat rhizosphere of Urmia region, and the isolation as well as qualitative solubilizing potential was done in solid NBRIP media. Quantitative P-dissolution ability of isolated strains were assessed in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design including phosphate sources (RP and TCP) and selected microbial isolates at incubation condition at 28 degrees Celsius. The studied strains included control, PSB45, PSB15, PSB30, PSB2, PSB11, PSB12, PSB20, PSF1, PSF3, PSF4 and PSF7 and sampling were done at seven incubation times (0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days). The results showed that P solubilization and pH of medium significantly (P <0.001) influenced by insoluble phosphate sources, microbial isolates and incubation time. So that the maximum release of soluble P (636 µg ml-1) was observed by strain PSF1 from TCP source. Furthermore, the PSF1 strain on the day-12 showed the highest solubilized P (570 µg ml-1) compared to other strains. Negative significant correlation was observed between medium pH and dissolved. The pH levels in treatment inoculated with strain PSF1 on TCP (approximately 4 units) showed the highest pH decrement compared to other strains and control media. Highest decline of pH was observed in day-12 (pH = 3.90) by the same strain, while the pH in the control treatments unvaried.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
29
41
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20192_e5702a5c30086a9220def76cb034d73b.pdf
Importance ofselecting the appropriate digital elevation modelinmanagement of soil and waterconservation (Case study: Taham dam, Zanjn province)
Kamran
Moravej
استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
author
Mohammad
Amir Delavar
دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
author
Akram
Sadeghbeigi
دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
author
text
article
2016
per
Application of digital elevation model plays an important role in studies of management and protection of soil and water resources. In this research, ASTER-GDEMand SRTM-DEM and digitized contour lines of two topographic maps at 1:50000 scale are used as input data. The change of relief was modeled by nearest neighbor(NN) and inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation methods for downstream of Taham dam at north west of Zanajn province.Four digital elevation models were investigated by root mean square error, mean bias error, mean absolute error and correlation coefficient indexes. 100 auxiliary heights points along with reference control points using DGPS technique and surface network basis points were determined based on several field surveys.The results show that natural neighbor model and ASTER-GDEM data are more compatible(MBE index was 1.41 and 0.238 respectively) and inverse distance weighting model and SRTM-DEM are less compatible with control and reference points (MBE index was 10.045 and 6.296 respectively). Analysis of some primary components of topography affecting the soil erosion such as slope, aspect slope, length and class of stream represents the second generation of ASTER-GDEM is more accurate than others. It is suggested that ASTER digital elevation model to be used in areas with moderate topography and semi-detailedsoil protection and erosion control surveys. Application of ASTER-GDEM increases accuracy of the survey and reduce time and cost of performance of the management program about soil and water conservation.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
42
54
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20193_c23e88ac8a938c426f61bdef0e33cdc7.pdf
A Study of Nitrate Uptake of Four Nitrogen Frtilizers and its Movement Simulation in Sandy Loam Soil by Hydrus-1D
Maryam
Bayat Varkeshi
استادیار مهندسی منابع آب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ملایر
author
Hamid
Zare Abyaneh
دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا
author
Shahriar Mahdavi
Mahdavi
استادیار گروه خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ملایر
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study, a factorial experiment based on completely in a sandy loam soil under potato cultivation by Hydrus-1D with two factors of nitrogen fertilizer type in 4 levels (Nano- Nitrogen Chelate (NNC), Sulphur Coated Nano- Nitrogen Chelate (SNNC), Sulphur Coated Urea (SCU) and Urea (U)) and nitrogen amount in 3 levels (46, 92 and 138kg-N/ha) was desighned. The results of Freundlich fiting on soil nitrate showed that this model in each three nitrogen levels describes with minimum SSQ NNC and SNNC treatments. The maximum Kdin the 46 kgN/ha belonged to NNC (0.14), in the 96 kgN/ha pertained to NNC (0.17) and in the 138 kgN/ha belonged to NNC and SNNC (0.19). Furthermore, increasing using firtilizer in all treatments led to increasing sorption capacity. The simulation results indicated that the minimum NRMSE=0.07 and maximum R2=0.999 pertained to 138 kgN/ha SNNC. The maximum NRMSE and the minimum R2 belonged to Urea treatment. Overall this study results displayed using nano nitrogen firtilizers leads decreasing nitrate leaching and increasing its keeping in soil.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
55
71
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20194_8e43c9e616124d7fd2f695eff6be9179.pdf
Effect of different strains of Azotobacter chroococcum on morphophysiologic traits and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L)
Mona
Sorouri
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه گیلان
author
Seyed Mohammad Raza
Ehteshami
عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان
author
Mohammad
Rabiei
کارشناس ارشد موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور،
author
Mahdi
Ramezani
باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد اهواز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
author
text
article
2016
per
In order to evaluate the effect of Azotobacter chroococcum different strains on morphophysiologic characteristics, seed yield and yield components of fall rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), an experiment was conducted in Rasht. The experimental design was completely randomized block, with three replication. Investigated treatments were including seed inoculation with Azotobacter different strains (6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 28, 35 and 38) and chemical fertilizer application (full Urea fertilizer application) and without seed inoculation conditions (control). Results showed that Azotobacter strains significantly affected on all traits except plant height, weight of 1000 seeds, stem diameter and number of secondary branches. The most distance of the first secondary branch until ground obtained by A. chroococcum strain 35, as A. chroococcum strain 14 caused the highest of silique length, dry weight, seed yield and number of seeds per silique. The most leaf erea, dry weight, seed yield and yield components caused by A. chroococcum strain 12. Generally, A. chroococcum strain 12, A. chroococcum strain 14 and A. chroococcum strain 9 had the more positive effect on traits compared with other strains. Results of this experiment showed the use of A. chroococcum increase quantitative and qualitative characteristics of canola in relation to full Urea fertilizer application and the savings in fertilizer consumption and reduce environmental degradation, therefore can be used as supplementary of chemical fertilizer.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
72
85
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20195_5d27abf3a4e3d3ae949e3997371bcfde.pdf
Comparison of linear regression, Fuzzy and Fuzzy-genetic models to predict soil cation exchange capacity
Habib
Palizvanzand
دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد دانشگاه تبریز
author
Abbas
Ahmadi
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2016
per
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is one of the most important soil chemical properties that affects other chemical, physical, and biological soil properties and fertility. In this study, performance of some procedures such as regression, Fuzzy and Fuzzy-genetic approaches in estimation of soil CEC has been investigated. Consequently, the required data of 770 samples from the Europe database (IES) was extracted. Then multiple linear regression, Fuzzy and Fuzzy-genetic approaches were used for development of pedotransfer functions for estimating of soil CEC. The coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) criteria were used for evaluation of the proposed models. The values of R2, RMSE and MAE obtained for the linear regression model 0.72, 7.42 cmolc kg-1 and 9.13 cmolc kg-1, for Fuzzy model, 0.78, 5.44 cmolc kg-1 and 4.32 cmolc kg-1, for Fuzzy-genetic model 0.84, 4.7 cmolc kg-1 and 3.57 cmolc kg-1, respectively. These results indicated that the Fuzzy-genetic CEC model is more accurate than Fuzzy model, and Fuzzy model is more accurate than regression CEC model.
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
86
100
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20196_b5bc8be6bb0552b526f46148f8798c36.pdf
The study of interaction air filled porosity and the use of urea and mono calcium phosphate on the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in incubation period
Nooshin
Soltanalinezhad
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Abbas
Samadi
استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Hossein
Asgarzadeh
استادیارگروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Behnam
Dovlati
استادیارگروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
text
article
2016
per
Air filled porosity as one of the most important properties of the soil, can influence the availability of water, oxygen, and other nutrient elements. In order to investigate the interactions between air filled porosity levels and urea and phosphorus fertilizers it was done on availability of macro elements (N-NO3, P, K). A factorial experiment was carried out based on the randomized completely design with two factors including air filled porosity at seven levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24%), and fertilizer at two levels (control and optimum level) from mono calcium phosphates and urea sources in the incubation period in three times (40, 80, 120 days) at three replications. Some of the chemical characteristics of treated soils such as pH, concentration of bicarbonate (HCO-3) and nitrate ions, and available phosphorus and potassium at different levels of air filled porosity were measured. Results showed that the correlation between pH, nitrate, bicarbonate, phosphorus and potassium with air filled porosity changes was significant. Increasing the incubation time was caused to reduce the amount of availability nitrate, phosphorus and potassium soil. Also with decreasing air filled porosity levels pH, HCO-3 concentration and availability of phosphorus were increased. The concentration of nitrate ions under the influence of temperature, pH, moisture and oxygen in different of the air porosity levels (12, 16 and 20%) showed a significant increase. So the air filled porosity of 12, 16 and 20 percent were determined the optimal range for the concentration of nitrate, phosphorus and potassium available
Applied Soil Research
Urmia University
2423-7116
3
v.
2
no.
2016
101
115
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20197_f5a9b122ba9c467aef2115390eac1f83.pdf