ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر آنتیبیوتیکهای اکسیتتراسایکلین (OTC) و سولفامتاکسازول (SMX) بر نیتریفیکاسیون بالقوه و فعالیت آنزیمهای فسفاتاز قلیایی و اورهآز در یک خاک آهکی
سالیانه مقادیر زیادی از آنتیبیوتیکهای داروئی اکسیتتراسایکلین (OTC) و سولفامتوکسازول (SMX) برای درمان بیماریهای عفونی و بهبود رشد دام و پرندگان در سراسر دنیا بکار میرود. بیش از 90 درصد آنتیبیوتیکهای بکار رفته ممکن است به صورت ترکیبهای اصلی یا به صورت متابولیتهای کارا از سیستم بدن دام دفع شده و وارد محیط خاک شود که ممکن است اثرات نامطلوبی بر ریزجانداران غیرهدف اعمال کند. اثرات این آنتیبیوتیکها بر عملکرد جامعه میکروبی خاک هنوز به خوبی شناخته نشده است. در این پژوهش، برای بررسی تأثیر آنتیبیوتیکهای سولفامتوکسازول و اکسیتتراسایکلین بر عملکردهای میکروبی خاک، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با فاکتورهای غلظت آنتیبیوتیک (0، 1، 10، 25، 50 و 100 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم)، زمان انکوباسیون (1، 4 و 21 روز) و نوع آنتیبیوتیک در شرایط آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. عملکرد جامعه میکروبی خاک با اندازهگیری فعالیت آنزیمهای اورهآز و فسفاتاز قلیایی خاک و نیتریفیکاسیون بالقوه ارزیابی شد. نتایج اندازهگیریها نشان داد که آنتیبیوتیک اکسیتتراسایکلین، فعالیت فسفاتاز قلیائی و اورهآز را در روز نخست انکوباسیون به شدت تحت تأثیر قرار داد ولی با افزایش زمان انکوباسیون فعالیت این آنزیمها بازیابی شد. در حالی که آنتیبیوتیک سولفامتوکسازول فعالیت آنزیمهای فسفاتاز قلیایی و اورهآز را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در دوره انکوباسیون جلوگیری کرد. تأثیر آنتیبیوتیکهای اکسیتتراسایکلین و سولفامتوکسازول بر میزان نیتریفیکاسیون بالقوه خاک از الگوی یکسانی پیروی کرد به گونهای که میزان نیتریفیکاسیون در روزهای نخست انکوباسیون با افزایش غلظت آنتیبیوتیک افزایش یافت ولی با گذشت زمان، این آنتیبیوتیکها اثرات نامطلوب بر نیتریفیکاسیون بالقوه داشتند. روهمرفته، آنتیبیوتیک OTC تأثیر نامطلوبی بر عملکردهای میکروبی خاک در روزهای نخست انکوباسیون داشت، در حالی که آنتیبیوتیک SMX اثرات پایدار بر عملکردهای میکروبی خاک اعمال کرد.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120585_4005e146801a629525ce486e62918a8c.pdf
2018-08-23
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اکسیتتراسایکلین
اورهآز
سولفامتوکسازول
فسفاتاز قلیایی
نیتریفیکاسیون بالقوه
علی
مولائی
ali.molaei82@yahoo.com
1
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
امیر
لکزیان
alakzian@yahoo.com
2
دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
LEAD_AUTHOR
غلامحسین
حق نیا
ghaghnia@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir
3
هیات علمی گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
علیرضا
آستارائی
astaraei@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir
4
هیات علمی گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
میرحسن
رسولی صدقیانی
m.rsadaghiani@urmia.ac.ir
5
گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
ماریا
ترزا چکرینی
mariateresa.ceccherini@unifi.it
6
هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فلورانس ایتالیا
AUTHOR
References
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
پیش بینی تغییرات مکانی شاخص فرسایشپذیری خاک با استفاده از تکنیک نقشهبرداری رقومی در منطقه کانی سیف شهرستان بانه
شاخص فرسایشپذیری خاک یکی از پارامترهای تعیین کننده در برآورد میزان فرسایش آبی میباشد. بنابراین اطلاع از تغییرپذیری مکانی این پارامتر کمک بسزایی در مدلسازی فرسایش آبی در منطقه دارد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی تغییرات مکانی شاخص فرسایشپذیری خاک (K) با استفاده از تکنیک نقشهبرداری رقومی خاک در منطقه کانی سیف بانه، استان کردستان میباشد. در تحقیق حاضر بر اساس تکنیک هایپرکیوب محل ۲۱۷ نمونه در منطقه مورد مطالعه به وسعت ۴۰۰۰ هکتار انتخاب گردید و سپس نمونههای خاک از عمق30-0 سانتیمتری برداشت شدند و مقادیر درصد آهک، شن، سیلت، رس، وزن مخصوص ظاهری و ماده آلی در آزمایشگاه اندازهگیری شدند. در ابتدا با استفاده از نرمافزار RETC نفوذپذیری خاک تخمین زده شد و سپس، از طریق معادله واعظی (2008)، مقدار K محاسبه گردید. سپس با استفاده از مدلهای خاک- سرزمین (SOLIM) و شبکه عصبی مصنوعی، ارتباط بین دادههای فرسایش-پذیری خاک و متغیرهای کمکی مستخرج از مدل رقومی ارتفاع و تصویر ماهواره لندست بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که مدل خاک- سرزمین (ضریب تبیین و ریشه مربعات خطای 72/0 و 00013/0) دارای کارایی بالاتری نسبت به شبکه عصبی مصنوعی (ضریب تبیین و ریشه مربعات خطای 67/0 و 00015/0) در پیشبینی شاخص فرسایشپذیری خاک میباشد. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از دادههای نقطهای میتوان برآورد نسبتاً دقیقی از میزان شاخص فرسایشپذیری خاک به صورت پیوسته داشت. در نهایت با استفاده از مدل SOLIM اقدام به پهنهبندی رقومی فرسایشپذیری خاک در منطقه مورد مطالعه گردید. نقشه نهایی شاخص فرسایشپذیری خاک منطقه مورد مطالعه برحسب تن در هکتار بر مگاژول در میلیمتر با استفاده از مدل سولیم به دست آمد، که مقادیر آن بین t.ha/Mj.mm 0095/0-0094/0 متغیر میباشند. لذا پیشنهاد میگردد در مطالعات آینده جهت برآورد مکانی شاخص فرسایش پذیری خاک از سایر مدلهای نقشهبرداری رقومی استفاده شود.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120587_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
2018-08-23
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تکنیک هایپرکیوب
شبکه عصبی مصنوعی
مدل خاک- سرزمین .(SOLIM)
روح الله
تقی زاده
rh_taghizade@yahoo.com
1
عضو هیئت علمی
LEAD_AUTHOR
اکبر
پورشادمان
a.poorshademan1391@gmail.com
2
دانشگاه اردکان
AUTHOR
کمال
نبی الهی
nabiollahi@yahoo.com
3
دانشگاه کردستان
AUTHOR
مهدی
تازه
mtazeh@yahoo.com
4
دانشگاه اردکان
AUTHOR
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39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
جداسازی، شناسایی و اندازهگیری ویژگیهای افزآیندگی رشد جدایههای ازتوباکتر از نمونه خاکهای شمالغرب کشور با کاربری گوناگون
ازتوباکتر از باکتریهای آزادزی تثبیتکننده نیتروژن در خاک بوده که از راههای گوناگونی مایه افزایش رشد گیاه میشود. فراوانی و فعالیّت آنها در خاک وابسته به ویژگیهای خاک و کاربری آن است. بر این پایه برای جداسازی و شناسایی برخی از ازتوباکترهای افزآینده رشد گیاه، 50 نمونه خاک به گونه بختانه از کاربریهای گوناگون در سه استان آذربایجان شرقی، اردبیل و گیلان از لایه صفر تا 25 سانتیمتری خاک نمونهبرداری شد. برای جداسازی ازتوباکترها از روش خمیره خاک بهرهگیری شد و نابسازی آنها با استفاده از کشتگاه LG و Nutrient Agar انجام گرفت. در این بررسی در آغاز 50 جدایه جداسازی شد که بر پایه ویژگیهای فنوتیپی و ریختشناسی جدایهها و چگونگی رشد آنها در کشتگاههای یادشده، جدایههای همانند کنار گذاشته شده و شناسایی نه جدایه به نامهای 2SP-5، 14SPI، 14SP2-1، 16SP-2، 34SPIII، 35SP، 35SP-2،43SP-2 و 44SP-2 همراه با آزمون توانایی افزایندگی رشد آنها انجام شد. نتایج شناسایی مولکولی (16S rDNA) نشان داد که از میان نه جدایه، پنج جدایه 14SPI، 14SP2-1، 16SP-2، 35SP و 44SP-2 ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم بوده و جدایه 34SPIII و 35SP-2 سودوموناس و جدایه 2SP-5 و 43SP-2 بیجرینکیا شناخته شدند. یافتههای بررسی ویژگیهای افزایندگی رشد گیاه نیز نشان داد که بیشترین تثبیت نیتروژن در ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم جدایه 14SP2-1 بهدست آمد و بالاترین توانایی حل کنندگی فسفر و ساخت اکسین در باکتری سودوموناس جدایه 34SPIII دیده شد. از دیدگاه آزادسازی پتاسیم نیز باکتریهای ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم جدایه 44SP-2 و 14SP2-1 توانایی بالاتری نشان دادند. ازتوباکترهای بهدست آمده همگی متعلق به گونه ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم بودند که از نمونه خاکهای دو استان آذربایجان شرقی و گیلان با کاربری پوشش مرتعی و شالیزار به دست آمدند.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120578_4944a086941425dd0d183ef6fc7e0b8e.pdf
2018-08-23
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42
باکتری تثبیتکننده نیتروژن
خمیره خاک
شناسایی مولکولی باکتری
ویژگی افزآیندگی رشد گیاه
میترا
ابراهیمی
mtrr_ebrahimi@yahoo.com
1
دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
LEAD_AUTHOR
علی اکبر
صفری سنجانی
safari_sinegani@yahoo.com
2
دانشگاه بوعای سینا همدان
AUTHOR
محمدرضا
ساریخانی
rsarikhani@yahoo.com
3
دانشیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
سید ابوالقاسم
محمدی
mohammadi@tabrizu.ac.ir
4
دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
ناصر
علی اصغرزاد
n-aliasghar@hotmail.com
5
دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
Ahmad F., Ahmad I. and Khan M. S. 2008. Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple plant growth promoting activities. Microbiological research, 163(2): 173-181.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
استفاده از تکنیک پرومته در ارزیابی بهکاشت اراضی برای انار و پسته در دشت میاندوآب
ارزیابی تناسب اراضی برای تعیین سازگاری اراضی برای نوع خاصی از کاربریها استفاده میشود تا از اراضی متناسب با استعداد و پتانسیل تولید آنها استفاده شود. این تحقیق با هدف تعیین تناسب اراضی برای محصولات انار و پسته با استفاده از تکنیک PROMETHEE II در بخشی از منطقه میاندوآب انجام گرفت. منطقه مورد نظر دارای 11 سری خاک بود. در این ارزیابی، ابتدا معیارهای بافت خاک، اسیدیته خاک، شوری خاک، کربن آلی خاک، درصد سدیم تبادلی خاک و درصد آهک خاک، تعداد خانوار، جمعیت مرد، جمعیت زن، سطح سواد (باسواد، بیسواد)، شغل اصلی و سن تعیین شدند. سپس وزن معیارها با استفاده از روش آنتروپی شانون محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین وزن برای هر دو محصول متعلق به معیار درصد سدیم تبادلی و کمترین وزن متعلق به سن و شغل بود. سپس معیارهای وزن داده شده با استفاده از تکنیک PROMETHEE II تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که برای هر دو محصول انار و پسته سریهای خاک Su.Wt و Su با فیهای بهترتیب 417/0 و 328/0 برای انار و 438/0 و 358/0 برای پسته مناسبترین، درحالیکه سریهای خاکCh و Fa.Wt با فیهای به ترتیب 285/0- و 522/0- برای انار و 326/0- 478/0- برای پسته نامطلوبترین سریهای خاک در منطقه مورد نظر میباشند. همچنین 11/20 درصد منطقه دارای تناسب خیلی خوب، 6/23 درصد دارای تناسب خوب، 26/36 درصد دارای تناسب متوسط و 03/20 درصد دارای تناسب نامناسب برای کشت انار و همچنین 23/27 درصد منطقه دارای تناسب خیلی خوب، 9/23 دارای تناسب خوب، 87/38 دارای تناسب متوسط و 10 درصد منطقه نیز برای کشت پسته دارای تناسب نامناسب بودند.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120582_dcab1978c4082b4034170c1f712e496c.pdf
2018-08-23
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57
تناسب اراضی
تکنیک پرومته دو
انار
پسته
منطقه میاندوآب
نرمین
جهانپور
n.jahanpour71@gmail.com
1
دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
حمیدرضا
ممتاز
hamidmomtaz@gmail.com
2
عضو هیات علمی
LEAD_AUTHOR
مهشید
سوری
m.souri@urmia.ac.ir
3
عضو هیات علمی
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثر کیفیت آب آبیاری بر برخی شاخصهای فیزیکی خاک
ویژگیهای ساختمانی خاک که تابع توزیع اندازه منافذ میباشند، شاخصهای فیزیکی مهمی از خاک بوده که رشد و توسعه ریشه و گیاه را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهند. کیفیت آب آبیاری با تأثیر بر غلظت نمکها و قلیائیت محلول خاک، ساختمان خاک را تغییر میدهد. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی کیفیت آب آبیاری بر توزیع اندازه منافذ خاک، تخلخل تهویهای، منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی و مقاومت فروروی یک خاک لومرسی اجرا گردید. ترکیبی از سه سطح شوری با در نظر گرفتن هدایت الکتریکی (EC) برابر با 1، 6 و 10 دسی زیمنس بر متر و سه سطح سدیمی بودن با در نظرگرفتن نسبت جذبی سدیم (SAR) برابر با 1، 5 و 12 (meq L-1)0.5 برای شبیهسازی کیفیتهای متفاوت آب آبیاری بهکار رفت. نمونههای دستنخورده خاک (ارتفاع 45 و قطر درونی 51 میلیمتر) با محلولهای ساخته شده، طی پنج دوره اشباع و خشک شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در هر SAR با افزایش EC، میزان منافذ درشت و تخلخل تهویهای افزایش یافت که احتمالاً در نتیجه اثرات مثبت شوری بر همآوری ذرات خاک که در ایجاد ساختمان پایدار مؤثر است، میباشد. همچنین به دلیل افزایش منافذ ریز خاک (دارای قطر کوچکتر از 30 میکرون) و رطوبت نگهداری شده در آنها، رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی نیز افزایش یافت. از طرفی با افزایش شوری مقاومت فروروی خاک کاهش یافت که میتواند به دلیل ایجاد منافذ درشت در خاک باشد. همچنین به دلیل تغییر در منافذ در نتیجهی کاهش ضخامت لایه دوگانه پخشیده و همآوری ذرات، مقدار رطوبت اشباع افزایش یافت. در هر EC با افزایش SAR، به دلیل تخریب ساختمان خاک و پراکندگی ذرات، که منجر به افزایش میزان منافذ ریز میشود، رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی و آب نگهداری شده افزایش یافت. همچنین افزایش منافذ ریز و مقاومت فروروی و کاهش منافذ درشت و تخلخل تهویهای با افزایش SARمشاهده گردید.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120580_285ab9c900088df0e0ba35fe317ae00d.pdf
2018-08-23
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پراکنش
مقاومت فروروی
منافذ درشت
همآوری
لایه دوگانه پخشیده
آزاده
صفادوست
safadoust@gmail.com
1
هیآت علمی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
LEAD_AUTHOR
بهزاد
دشت پیما
behzad.dashtpeima@gmail.com
2
دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
AUTHOR
محمدرضا
مصدقی
mosaddeghi@cc.iut.ac.ir
3
دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان
AUTHOR
حسین
عسگرزاده
h.asgarzadeh@urmia.ac.ir
4
دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
Allison L.E. 1964. Salinity in relation to irrigation. Advances in Agronomy, 16: 139-180.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
جذب عناصر غذایی کممصرف تحت تأثیر برهمکنش کرمهای خاکی (Eisenia fetida ) و قارچ مایکوریزا آربوسکولار (Funneliformis mosseae) در ذرت
مطالعه حاضر بهمنظور ارزیابی تأثیر کرم خاکی (ایزینیا فتیدا) و قارچ مایکوریزا آربوسکولار (فنلی فرمیس موسه) و همچنین اثرات متقابل آنها بر کلنیزاسیون ریشه، pH خاک، کربن آلی محلول و غلظت عناصر غذایی آهن، روی، مس و منگنز در ذرت انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل شاهد، کرم خاکی، مایکوریزا و کرم خاکی + مایکوریزا در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه ای در گلدان به اجرا درآمد. نتایج نشان داد که حضور کرمهای خاکی در تیمار کرم خاکی + مایکوریزا اثر معنیداری بر درصد کلنیزاسیون ریشه در مقایسه با تیمار مایکوریزا نداشت. همچنین تیمارهای آزمایش به طور معنیداری موجب کاهش pH خاک نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند. اگرچه تیمارهای آزمایش به طور معنیداری موجب افزایش وزن خشک اندام هوایی گیاه، کربن آلی محلول خاک و فراهمی عناصر آهن، مس، روی و منگنز در خاک نسبت به شاهد شدند، با این حال تأثیر متفاوتی بر جذب عناصر بهوسیله گیاه داشتند. بیشترین غلظت روی و منگنز در اندام هوایی گیاه در تیمار مایکوریزا به دست آمد، که از نظر آماری نسبت به سایر تیمارها معنیدار بود (p
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120581_f5cbaa601671d66e0ac9046a099bbb55.pdf
2018-08-23
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فراهمی عناصر غذایی
کلنیزاسیون ریشه
کربن آلی محلول
کرم خاکی
همزیستی مایکوریزایی
حمید
دهقانیان
dehghanianhamid@yahoo.com
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
اکرم
حلاج نیا
halajnia@um.ac.ir
2
استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
LEAD_AUTHOR
امیر
لکزیان
alakzian@um.ac.ir
3
استاد گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
علی رضا
آستارائی
astaraei@um.ac.ir
4
دانشیار گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
AUTHOR
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Tennant D. 1975. A test of a modified line intersect method of estimating root length. Journal of Ecology, 995-1001.
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Walkley A. and Black I.A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37(1): 29-38.
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Wen B., Hu X.Y., Liu Y., Wang W.S., Feng M.H., and Shan X.Q. 2004. The role of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in influencing bioavailability of heavy metals in soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 40(3): 181-187.
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Wen B., Liu Y., Hu X.Y., and Shan X.Q. 2006. Effect of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the fractionation and bioavailability of rare earth elements in nine Chinese soils. Chemosphere, 63(7): 1179-1186.
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Wu S.C., Cao Z.H., Li Z.G., Cheung K.C., and Wong M.H. 2005. Effects of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a greenhouse trial. Geoderma, 125(1): 155-166.
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Yu X., Cheng J., and Wong M. H. 2005. Earthworm–mycorrhiza interaction on Cd uptake and growth of ryegrass. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37(2): 195-201.
56
Zhu B. and Alva A.K. 1993. Trace metal and cation transport in a sandy soil with various amendments. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57(3): 723-727.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تخمین نقطه ای منحنی رطوبتی خاک با استفاده از برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی و مکانیکی خاک
منحنی رطوبتی از ویژگیهای بنیادی خاک بوده که برای شبیهسازی جریان آب و انتقال توأمان آب و املاح در بخش غیراشباع خاک کاربرد دارد. بدلیل وقتگیر و پرهزینه بودن اندازهگیری منحنی رطوبتی خاک، امروزه روشهای غیرمستقیم مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تخمین منحنی رطوبتی خاک با استفاده از حدود آتربرگ و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی خاک برنامهریزی شد. در این پژوهش تعداد 43 نمونه خاک از مناطق شمالغرب ایران برداشت شد به طوریکه 28 نمونه برای توسعه مدلها و 15 نمونه بمنظور ارزیابی اعتبار مدلها مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. منحنی رطوبتی خاک در مکشهای (1/0، 2/0، 3/0، 4/0، 1، 2، 3، 5، 10 و 15 بار) و ویژگیهای فیزیکی و حدود آتربرگ خاکها به روش-های استاندارد اندازهگیری شد. پس از بررسی همبستگی بین متغیرهای مستقل و ترکیبی در محیط نرم افزار SPSS با روش رگرسیون گام به گام، مناسبترین ترکیب از متغیرهای مستقل انتخاب و معادله رگرسیونی چند متغیره برای تخمین منحنی رطوبتی ارائه شد. نتایج نشان داد که از بین ویژگیهای اندازهگیری شده، درصد رس، جرم ویژه ظاهری، حد روانی و خمیری بیشترین همبستگی را با مقدار رطوبت داشتند. مقادیر آمارههای ضریب تبیین (89 درصد) و مجذور میانگین مربعات خطا (028/0) حاصل از تجزیههای آماری در کلیه مکشها نشان دهنده اعتبار بالای توابع پیشنهادی برای تخمین منحنی رطوبتی میباشد.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120583_e139cee12ecebeaac9a8075424e57873.pdf
2018-08-23
84
95
خاک غیراشباع
انتقال آب در خاک
توابع انتقالی نقطهایی
حدود آتربرگ
ویژگیهای خاک
مهسا
کاظمی
kazemipoor.mahsa@gmail.com
1
کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه زنجان
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمد حسین
محمدی
mhmohmad@ut.ac.ir
2
گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
علیرضا
واعظی
vaezi.alireza@znu.ac.ir
3
استادیار، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه زنجان
AUTHOR
Abbasi F. Advanced Soil Physics. 2007. 1nd Ed. Tehran University Press, 260p. (In Persian)
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Mulqueen J. 1976. Plasticity Characteristics of Some Carboniferous Clay soils in north central Ireland and their significance. Irish Journal of Agricultural Research, 15(1): 129-136.
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Rawls W.J., Brakensiek D.L., and Soni B. 1983. Agricultural management effects on soil water processes: Soil water retention and Green and Ampt infiltration parameters. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 26:1747-1752.
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Reichert J.M., Aluquerque J.A., Kaiser D.R., Reinert D.J., Urach F.L., and Carlesso R. 2009. Estimation of water retention and availability in soils of Rio Grande Do Sul. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Brazil, 33: 1547-1560.
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Rowell D.L., 2014. Soil science: Methods & applications. Longman Scientific & Technical, 350p.
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Russell E.R., and Mickle J.L. 1970. Liquid limit values by soil moisture tension. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 96: 967-989.
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Seed H.B., Woodward R.J., and Lundgren R. 1964. Fundamental aspects of the atterberg limits. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 90(6): 75-105.
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Shirani H., and Rafinejad N. 2011. Prediction of some costly measured properties using neural network and statistical regression in Kerman area. Journal of Soil Research, 25(4): 350-359. (In Persian)
38
Tomasella J., Pachepsky Y., Crestana S., and Rawls W.J. 2003. Comparison of two techniques to develop pedotransfer functions for water retention. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 67: 1085–92.
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Tuller M., Or D., and Dudley L.M. 1999. Adsorption and capillary condensation in porous media: Liquid retention and interfacial configuration in angular pores. Water Resource Research, 35(7): 1949-1964.
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Vepraskas M.J. 1992. Redoximorphic features for identifying aquic conditions. Issue 301 of Technical bulletin (North Carolina Agricultural Research Service), 33p.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر قارچهای حلکننده پتاسیم بر آزادسازی پتاسیم از کانیهای سیلیکاتی و برخی شاخصهای رشد گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.)
از روشهای تامین پتاسیم مورد نیاز گیاهان بهرهگیری از کانیهای سیلیکاتی و استفاده از میکروارگانیسمهای حلکننده پتاسیم میباشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف جداسازی قارچهای حلکننده پتاسیم از خاک ریزوسفری و ارزیابی توانایی کمی پتاسیم آزادسازی شده توسط سویهها از منابع مختلف سیلیکاته، بهصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایشگاهی شامل منبع پتاسیم در چهار سطح (بیوتیت، فلوگوپیت، ایلیت و مسکوویت)، زمان انکوباسیون در شش سطح (0، 1، 3، 5، 7 و10) و میکروارگانیسم چهار سویه (A. niger، A. terreus، Trichoderma harzianum و Penicellium sp) و فاکتورهای گلخانهای شامل منبع پتاسیم در پنج سطح (شاهد، پتاسیم محلول، فلوگوپیت، ایلیت و مسکوویت) و تلقیح میکروبی دو سطح (بدون تلقیح میکروبی و تلقیح با قارچها) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان پتاسیم آزادسازی شده (21/3 میکروگرم در میلیلیتر) پس از ده روز انکوباسیون مربوط به کانی بیوتیت با تلقیح سویه (KSF2) Aspergillu terruss بود که با سایر سویههای قارچی تفاوت معنیداری نداشت. تلقیح میکروبی، ارتفاع گیاه و وزن خشک ریشه را به ترتیب 47/25 و 37/30 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. کاربرد کانیهای سیلیکاتی و تلقیح میکروبی تاثیر معنیداری بر برخی شاخصهای رشد (قطر ساقه و وزن خشک اندام هوایی) و مقدار پتاسیم اندازهگیری شده داشت. تیمارهای میکروبی مقدار پتاسیم بخشهوایی و ریشه گیاهان را در کانی ایلیت به ترتیب 37/3 و 43/1 برابر نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش دادند. بطور کلی استفاده از تلقیح قارچی تأثیر قابل توجهی در آزادسازی پتاسیم از کانیهای سیلیکاتی و بهبود رشد گیاه دارد.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_20510_c6a581377a53b6c45b5b068a367bf419.pdf
2018-08-23
96
108
پتاسیم غیر قابل تبادل
کانیهای سیلیکاتی
قارچ
گیاه
محسن
برین
m.barin@urmia.ac.ir
1
استادیار
LEAD_AUTHOR
سعید
صادقی آزاد
a_sadeghi62@yahoo.com
2
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علــوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
، میرحسن
رسولی صدقیانی
m.rsadaghiani@urmia.ac.ir
3
استاد گروه علــوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
ابراهیم
سپهر
e.sepehr@urmia.ac.ir
4
دانشیار گروه علــوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
بهنام
دولتی
b.dovlati@urmia.ac.ir
5
استادیار گروه علــوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
رقیه
واحدی
rvahedi93@yahoo.com
6
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علــوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
Argelis D.T., Gonzala D.A, Vizcaino C., and Gartia M.T. 1993. Biochemical mechanism of stone alteration carried out by filamentous fungi living in monuments. Biogeochemistry. 19: 129-147.
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Awasthi R., Tewari R., Nayyar H. 2011. Synergy between plants and P-solubilizing microbes in soils: effects on growth and physiology of crops. International Research Journal of Microbiology. 2:484–503.
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Banik S., and Dey B.K. 1982. Available phosphate content of an alluvial soil as influenced by inoculation of some isolated phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. Plant and Soil. 69: 353–64.
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Basak B.B., Biswas D.R. 2012. Modification of waste mica for alternative source of potassium: evaluation of potassium release in soil from waste mica treated with potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB). Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing, ISBN 978-3-659-29842-4.
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Dong, H. 2010. Mineral-microbe interactions: a review. Frontiers of Earth Science, China, 4(2):127–147.
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Glowa K. R., Arocena J. M. and Massicotte H. B. 2003.Extraction of potassium and/or magnesium from selected soil minerals by Piloderma. Geomicrobiology Journal. 20, 99–112.
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Haby V.A., Russelle M.D., and Skogley E.O. 1990. Testing soils for potassium, calcium and magnesium. In: S. H. Mickelson (ed). Soil Testing and plant analysis. Madison. WI., USA. p. 181-227.
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Han H., Supanjani S., and Lee K.D. 2006. Effect of co-inoculation with phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria on mineral uptake and growth of pepper and cucumber. Plant Soil Environmental. 52(3): 130-136.
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Hu X.F., Chen J., and Guo J.F. 2006. Two phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tiannu mountain, Zhejiang, China. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 22: 983-990.
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Jian- Cheng X., Mao- Tong M., Cheng- Lin D., and Ji-Xing C. 1980. On the potential of K- nutrition and the requirement of K- fertilizer in important paddy soils of China. Institute of Soil Sciences, Academia Sinca, Nanjing.
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Keshavarz Zarjani J., Aliasgharzad N., and Oustan S., 2012. Effects of Six Strains of Potassium Releasing Bacteria on Growth and Potassium Uptake of Tomato Plant. Journal of Water and Soil. 23 (2): 245-255. (In Farsi with English Summary).
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Khayamim F., Khademi H., Khoshgoftarmanesh A.H and Ayoubi Sh. 2009. Ability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to take up potassium from di- and tri-octahedral micas. Journal of Water and Soil. 23 (4): 170-178. (In Farsi with English Summary).
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Prajapati K., Sharma M.C., and Modi H.A. 2013. Growth promoting effect of potassium solubilizing microorganisms on okra (Abelmoscus Esculantus). International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research. 3: 181-188.
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Rahimzadeh N., Olamaei M., Khormali F., Dordipour E., and Amini A. 2013. The effect of silicate dissolving bacteria on potassium release from glauconite in Canola (Brassica napus) rhizosphere. Jornal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, Vol. 3(2). (In Farsi with English Summary).
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Yuan L., Fang D. H., Wang Z.H., Shun H., and Huang J.G. 2000. Bio-mobilization of potassium from clay minerals: I. By ectomycorrhizas. Pedosphere. 10, 339–346.
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Zhang A., Zhao G., Gao T., Wang W., Li J., and Zhang S. 2013. Solubilization of insoluble potassium and phosphate by Paenibacillus kribensis CX-7: a soil microorganism with biological control potential. Journal of Africa Microbiol Research. 7(1):41–7.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تخمین ابعاد جبهه رطوبتی در آبیاری قطرهای با کاربرد توامان قضیه π باکینگهام و نرم-افزار HYDRUS-2D در خاکهایی با بافت متفاوت
طراحی و مدیریت دقیق سیستمهای آبیاری قطرهای، مستلزم داشتن اطلاعات مناسب از ابعاد جبهه رطوبتی (قطر و عمق خاک خیس شده توسط قطرهچکانها) در بافتهای مختلف خاک است. پارامترهای مهمی همچون ویژگیهای هیدرولیکی خاک، دبی خروجی قطرهچکان و زمان آبیاری بر ابعاد پیاز رطوبتی تاثیر میگذارند. در این پژوهش، مدلهای نیمهتجربی جدید برای تخمین عمق و حداکثر قطر جبهه رطوبتی خاک تحت منبع نقطهای در خاکهایی با بافتهای گوناگون توسعه یافت. بدینمنظور، نرمافزار HYDRUS-2D برای دبی کاربردی (3 لیتر بر ساعت) در کلاسهای مختلف بافت خاک اجرا شد. با کاربرد قضیه π باکینگهام به-همراه مقادیر حاصل از اجرای نرمافزار که شامل عمق و حداکثر قطر جبهه رطوبتی بود، معادلات تعیین ابعاد جبهه رطوبتی برای بافتهای مختلف ارائه گردید. معادلات توسعه یافته شامل پارامترهای هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع خاک، مدت زمان کارکرد و دبی قطرهچکان بودند. نتایج شاخصهای آماری برای همه معادلات (حداقل مقدار ضریب همبستگی (R) 968/0، حداکثر مقدار جذر میانگین مربعات خطای (RMSE) 120/2 سانتیمتر و حداکثر مقدار میانگین خطای مطلق (MAE) 376/1 سانتیمتر) نشان-دهنده قابلیت معادلات ارائه شده در برآورد ابعاد پیاز رطوبتی در خاکهایی با بافت مختلف میباشد. معادلات ارائه شده میتواند بهصورت موثر در طراحی و مدیریت بهینه سیستم آبیاری قطرهای در خاکهایی با بافت متفاوت استفاده گردد.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120579_2b87ae6825763e779edd94758e015293.pdf
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آبیاری قطرهای
جبهه رطوبتی
قضیه π باکینگهام
نرمافزار HYDRUS-2D
ندا
خان محمدی
n.khanmohammadi@urmia.ac.ir
1
دانشجوی دکتری/ دانشگاه ارومیه
AUTHOR
سینا
بشارت
s.besharat@urmia.ac.ir
2
هیات علمی/ دانشگاه ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbas Palangi J., and Akhond Ali A.M. 2008. A semi-empirical model for estimating the geometry of the wetting front under point source trickle irrigation. Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 12(44): 85-96. (In Persian)
1
Assouline S. 2002. The effects of microdrip and conventional drip irrigation on water distribution and uptake. Soil Science Society of America, 66(5): 1630-1636.
2
Ben-Gal A., Lazarovitch N., and Shani U. 2004. Subsurface drip irrigation in gravel-filled cavities. Vadose Zone, 3: 1407-1413.
3
Bresler E. 1978. Analysis of trickle irrigation with application to design problems. Irrigation Science, 1(1): 3-17.
4
Cook F.J., Fitch P., Thorburn P.J., Charlesworth P.B., and Bristow K.L. 2006. Modelling trickle irrigation: comparison of analytical and numerical models for estimation of wetting front position with time. Environmental Modelling and Software, 21: 1353-1359.
5
Cote C.M., Bristow K.L., Charlesworth P.B., Cook F.J., and Thorburn P.J. 2003. Analysis of soil wetting and solute transport in subsurface trickle irrigation. Irrigation Science, 22: 143-156.
6
Gardenas A., Hopmans J.W., Hanson B.R., and Simunek J. 2005. Two-dimensional modeling of nitrate leaching for various fertigation scenarios under microirrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 74: 219-242.
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Heydari M., Malek K., Mollayi Kandelous M., Mohseni Movahed A., and Karimi T. 2008. Investigation of empirical models for simulation of soil wetting pattern with drip irrigation under point source. Agricultural Research, 8(3): 45-55. (In Persian)
8
Kandelous M.M., and Simunek J. 2010. Numerical simulations of water movement in a subsurface drip irrigation system under field and laboratory conditions using HYDRUS-2D. Agricultural Water Management, 97: 1070-1076.
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Karimi A., Homaee M., Moezardalan M., Liyaghat A.M., and Raiesi F. 2006. Effect of fertigation on yield and water use efficiency on corn in a tape irrigation system. Agricultural Sciences, 12(3): 561-575. (In Persian)
10
Keshavaiah K.V., and Kumaraswamy A.S. 1993. Fertigation and water use efficiency in potato under furrow and drip irrigation. The Indian Potato Association, 20(3- 4): 240- 244.
11
Khanmohammadi N., Rezaie H., Besharat S., and Behmanesh J. 2012. Evaluation of soil water profile simulations in drip irrigation based on soil hydraulic properties and experimental observation. Irrigation and Drainage, 6(3): 187-195. (In Persian)
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Lanjabi M., Tabatabaei S.H., Fattahi R., and Nouri M.R. 2010. Effect of using Geotextile envelope on soil wetting pattern in subsurface drip irrigation. Irrigation and Drainage, 4(1): 109-117. (In Persian)
13
Metin S.S., Yazar A., and Eker S. 2006. Effect of drip irrigation regimes on yield and quality of field grown bell pepper. Agricultural Water Management, 81: 115-131.
14
Mirzaei F., Liaghat A.M., Sohrabi T.M., and Omid M.H. 2005. Soil wetting front modeling of line source in drip-tape irrigation. Agricultural Engineering Research, 6(23): 53-66. (In Persian)
15
Mmolawa K., and Or D. 2003. Experimental and numerical evaluation of an analytical volume balance model for soil water dynamics under drip irrigation. Soil Science Society of America, 67: 1657-1671.
16
Phogat V., Malik R.S., and Kumar S. 2009. Modelling the effect of canal bed elevation on seepage and water table rise in a sand box filled with loamy soil. Irrigation Science, 27: 191-200.
17
Provenzano G. 2007. Using HYDRUS-2D simulation model to evaluate wetted soil volume in subsurface drip irrigation systems. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 133(4): 342-349.
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Ruhi B., Karaguzel O., Aydinsakir K., and Buyuktas D. 2006. The effects of drip irrigation on flowering and flower quality of glasshouse gladiolus plant. Agricultural Water Management, 81: 132-144.
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Sabbah A., and Ghaffari Nejad, S.A. 2008. Determination of the best water level as trickle, irrigation and method of tape replacement on potato yield in Jiroft area. Research and Development, 79: 194-199. (In Persian)
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Sayari N., Ghahraman B., and Davari K. 2007. Soil moisture distribution under subsurface drip irrigation systems in pistachio gardens (case study: Rafsanjan lands with saline water). Agricultural Research, 7(3): 65-86. (In Persian)
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Schwartzman M., and Zur B. 1986. Emitter spacing and geometry of wetted soil volume. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 112(3): 242-253.
22
Simunek J., Sejna M., and van Genuchten M.Th. 1999. The HYDRUS-2D software package for simulating the two-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably-saturated media. IGWMC-TPS 53, Version 2.0, International Ground Water Modeling Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado.
23
Simunek J., Sejna M., and van Genuchten M.Th. 2006. The HYDRUS software package for simulating two- and three-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably-saturated media. Technical Manual, Version 1.0. PC Progress, Prague, Czech Republic.
24
Singh S.S., and Kaushal M.P. 1991. Fresh and saline water irrigation through drip and furrow method. Tropical Agricultural, 9(3): 194- 202.
25
Singh D.K., Rajput T.B.S., Singh D.K., Sikarwar H.S., Sahoo R.N., and Ahmad T. 2006. Simulation of soil wetting pattern with subsurface drip irrigation from line source. Agricultural Water Management, 83: 130-134.
26
Siyal A.A., and Skaggs T.H. 2009. Measured and simulated soil wetting patterns under porous clay pipe sub-surface irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 96: 893-904.
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Skaggs T.H., Trout T.J., Simunek J., and Shouse P.J. 2004. Comparison of HYDRUS-2D simulations of drip irrigation with experimental observations. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 30: 304-310.
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Tarazkar M.H., and Sedghamiz A. 2008. Comparing monthly discharge forecasting for Karkheh River by using time series and artificial intelligent traits. Pajouhesh-Va-Sazandegi, 80: 51-58. (In Persian)
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Wang F.X., Kang Y., and Liu S.P. 2006. Effects of drip irrigation frequency on soil wetting pattern and potato growth in North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 79: 248-264.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر اسید سالیسیلیک بر ترکیب عناصر غذایی برگ در انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در شرایط تنش شوری
چکیده شوری خاک از جدیترین تهدیدهای محیطی برای بقاء گیاهان محسوب میگردد. برخی از تنظیم کنندههای رشد مانند اسید سالیسیلیک باعث ایجاد مقاومت در گیاهان نسبت به تنشهای محیطی مانند گرما، سرما، خشکی و شوری میشود. بهمنظور بررسی تاثیر کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی ویژگیهای رشدی و جذب عناصر در رقم انگور بیدانه سفید تحت شرایط تنش شوری، آزمایشی گلدانی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی انجام گرفت. قلمههای ریشهدار شده این رقم با پنج سطح شوری (همراه آب آبیاری) صفر (شاهد)، 25، 50 ، 75 و 100 میلیمولار کلرید سدیم و چهار سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (محلولپاشی برگسارهای) صفر (شاهد)، 100، 200 و 300 میلیگرم در لیتر تیمار گردیدند. با افزایش سطح شوری، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و شاخساره کاهش یافت. در سطح شوری 100 میلی مولار با کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک (300 میلیگرم در لیتر) وزن خشک ریشه و شاخساره به ترتیب 76/65 و 9/75 درصد کاهش در مقایسه با شاهد نشان داد. همچنین در این سطح شوری، غلظت یونهای نیترات، 57 درصد، پتاسیم، 73 درصد، کلسیم، 4/62 درصد، منیزیم، 43 درصد، آهن، 54 درصد و میزان روی برگ، 75 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد (بدون تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک) کاهش نشان دادند. در سطح شوری 100 میلی مولار، بدون کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک، میزان سدیم و کلر برگ به ترتیب 100 و 77/20 برابر در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش یافت. با کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک میزان تجمع یونهای سدیم و کلر در برگ کاهش یافتند. این پژوهش، نشان داد که در شرایط تنش شوری، کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک میتواند بعضی از اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش شوری را (بهویژه در غلظتهای کمتر از 50 میلی مولار) در این رقم انگور تعدیل نماید. کلمات کلیدی: انگور، پتاسیم، تنش شوری، شاخصهای رشدی، نیترات.
https://asr.urmia.ac.ir/article_120584_c50c1617ca98f352291057e378fbf51b.pdf
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کلمات کلیدی: انگور
پتاسیم
تنش شوری
شاخصهای رشدی
نیترات
جعفر
امیری
j.amiri@urmia.ac.ir
1
هیات علمی دانشگاه
LEAD_AUTHOR
Al-Hakimi A.M.A. and Hamada A.M. 2001. Counteraction of salinity stress on wheat plants by grain soaking in ascorbic acid, thiamin or sodium salicylate. Biologia Plantarum, 44: 253-261.
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2
Bar Y., Apelbaum A., Kafkafi U. and Goren R. 1997. Relationship between chloride and nitrate and its effect on growth and mineral composition of avocado and citrus plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 20: 715-731.
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6
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Gunes A., Inal A., Alpaslan M., Eraslan F., Bagci E.G. and Cicek N. 2007. Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) grown under salinity. Journal of Plant Physiology, 164: 728-736.
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Gunes A., Inal A., Alpaslan M., Cicek N., Guneri E., Eraslan F. and Guzelordo T. 2005. Effects of exogenously applied salicylic acid on the induction of multiple stress tolerance and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.). Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 51: 687-695.
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Khodary S. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6: 5-8.
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Lara M.V., Disante K.B., Podesta F.E., Andreo C.S. and Drincovich M.F. 2003. Induction of a crassulaceae acid like metabolism in the C4 succulent plant, Portulaca oleracea L.: Physiological and morphological changes are accompanied by specific modifications in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. Photosynthesis Research, 77: 241-254.
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Lea-Cox J.D. and Syvertsen J.P. 1993. Salinity reduces water use and nitrate-N use efficiency of citrus. Annals of Botany, 72: 47-54.
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Munns R. and Tester M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 651-681.
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Neumann P.M. 1997. Salinity resistance and plant growth revisited. Plant Cell and Environment, 20: 1193-1198.
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Sivritepe N., Sivritepe H., Gelike H. and Kakat A. 2010. Salinity responses of grafted grapevines: Effects of scion and rootstock genotypes. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38(3): 193-201.
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35
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Zhu J.K. 2003. Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6: 441-445.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تاثیر گوگرد عنصری و باکتری تیوباسیلوس بر برخی از ویژگی های شیمیایی خاک و جذب عناصر غذایی توسط گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.)
به منظور بررسی تاثیر گوگرد عنصری بر برخی از خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک و جذب عناصر غذایی در ذرت، آزمایشی شامل چهار تیمار مصرف گوگرد عنصری (500،250،0 و1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) همراه با باکتری تیوباسیلوس، در سه تکرار و در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی، در چهار مزرعه با گوگرد قابل جذب متفاوت ( 7، 13، 18و 27 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم خاک)، در مناطق مختلف استان کرمانشاه (چغا نرگس، ایستگاه ماهیدشت، نجفآباد و قمشه) و در فصل زراعی 95-1394، اجرا شد.. نتایج نشان داد که در تمام خاکهای مورد آزمایش ،گوگرد عنصری تأثیر معنیداری بر کاهش pH خاک، افزایش هدایت الکتریکی، فسفر،گوگرد، آهن و روی قابلاستفاده خاک در مرحله 7-6 برگی، قبل از ظهورگلهای نر و پس از برداشت ذرت در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در چغا نرگس، ایستگاه تحقیقاتی ماهیدشت اختلاف معنی داری (P
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pH
هدایت الکتریکی
فسفر
گوگرد
آهن و روی
جلال
قادری
ghaderij@yahoo.com
1
عضوهیات علمی
LEAD_AUTHOR
محمد جعفر
ملکوتی
mjmalakouti@modares.ac.ir
2
عضو هیات علمی
AUTHOR
کاظم
خاوازی
kkhavazi@yahoo.com
3
عضو هیات علمی
AUTHOR
محمد حسین
داوودی
davoodi_mh@yahoo.com
4
عضو هیات علمی
AUTHOR
Abdel-Fattah A., Rasheed M.A., and Shafei A.M. 2005.Phosphorus availability as influenced by different application rates of elemental sulfur to soils. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 45(2): 199 -208.
1
Abdou A., Soaud A.A., Al Darwish F.H., Saleh M. E., El-Tarabily K.A., Sofian-Azirun M., and Motior R.M. 2011. Effects of elemental sulfur, phosphorus, micronutrients and Paracoccus versutus on nutrient availability of calcareous soils. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(5):554-561.
2
Besharati H. 1999. Evaluation of sulfur application and Thiobacillus on some nutrients uptake in soil. MSc Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran University. 176p. (In Persian)
3
Besharati H., and Rastin N. 1998. Effect of application Thiobacillus spp. Inoculants and elemental sulfur on pH and phosphorus availability. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Science, 13: 23-39. (In Persian)
4
Bouyoucos G. J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54(5): 464-465.
5
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