نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه ارومیه
2 ایران، ارومیه، دانشگاه ارومیه، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه علوم خاک
چکیده
آرسنیک یک عامل سرطانزا است که وجود آن در منابع آبی و خاکی در غلظت‌های بیشتر از حد قابل‌قبول یک تهدید زیست‌محیطی تلقی میشود. آلودگی آب و خاک به آرسنیک، مهم‌ترین مسیر ورود آن به چرخه غذایی انسان است. آرسنیک در محیط زیست به شکلهای آلی و معدنی وجود دارد و سمیت شکلهای معدنی به علت حلالیت و تحرک بالای آنها بیشتر است. آرسنیک در خاک معمولاً به شکل جذب‌شده به سطوح ذرات خاک به‌ویژه اکسی هیدروکسیدهای آهن و به عنوان جزئی از کانیهای خاک وجود دارد که پایداری و تحرک آنها تابع شرایط محیطی از قبیل pH، Eh و وجود یون‌های رقابت کننده است. روش‌های سمیت زدایی آرسنیک از آب و خاک به سه نوع فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی تقسیم می‌شوند. کم‌هزینه بودن، دوستدار محیط‌زیست، عدم تولید بقایای سمی، گونهبندی آرسنیک و عملیات اجرایی آسان از عوامل تأثیرگذار در انتخاب نوع روش است. در این مقاله مقدار و عوامل تعیین‌کننده غلظت و گونهبندی آرسنیک در آب، خاک و روش جزء‌بندی آرسنیک در خاک مرور میشود. در ادامه روش‌های حذف و سمیت زدایی آرسنیک از آب‌وخاک با تأکید بر روش‌های جذب و نامتحرک سازی آن با استفاده از موادی با منشأ طبیعی، فراوانی زیاد، غیر آلاینده بودن و دارای ظرفیت بالای جذب مرور میشود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Methods of Arsenic Decontamination of Soil and Water
نویسندگان [English]
- Ebrahim Sepehr 1
- mohamammad ali shiriazar 2
1 soil science, urmia university
2 soil science, agriculture faculty, urmia university. urmia. Iran
چکیده [English]
Arsenic is a carcinogenic agent, which is found in water and soil resources at concentrations above the acceptable level and considered as an environmental threat. Soil and water contamination by arsenic is the most important route of its entry into the human food chain. Arsenic has been detected in both inorganic and organic forms in the environment which compared to organic forms, inorganic compounds of arsenic (arsenate and arsenite) are more toxic due to their higher solubility and mobility. Soil solid particles, especially iron (oxy)hydroxides and minerals considered as the main sinks of arsenic in soil, which its stability and mobility depend on environmental conditions such as pH, Eh and the presence of competing ions. Arsenic detoxification techniques are categorized into three physical, chemical and biological types. The low cost, environment-friendly, lack of toxic residue production, arsenic speciation and easy operation are the important factors that influence the choice of decontamination method. In this paper, the factors that affect the concentration and speciation of arsenic in soil and water are reviewed. In the following, the methods of arsenic decontamination of soil and water with emphasis on its adsorption and immobilization methods using natural, non-polluting, abundant and high adsorption capacitance materials are reviewed.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Adsorption
- Arsenic
- Toxicity
- Iron oxyhydroxides
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