Investigating the Effect of Salt Type and its Concentration on the Absorption Efficiency of the Superabsorbent

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Abstract

In this study, two types of superabsorbents (Aquasorb and Stockosorb) and four types of salt including sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium chloride with the concentrations of 0.005, 0.05 and 0.1 M were used. The results showed that in the early stages of the experiment, the absorption capacity of Aquasorb was higher than the Stockosorb and after 30 to 45 min, the absorption capacity of Stockosorb in most cases was increased in comparison to the Aquasorb. The NaCl and CaCl2 salts in all concentrations had the minimum and maximum effects on the decreased of absorption, compared to the reference solution for both superabsorbents, respectively. The rate of absorption in all solutions decreased over time. Also, increasing the concentration of solutions reduced the absorption rate. In all solutions, in the early stages of the experiment, the reduction in absorption rate by Aquasorb was lower than of the Stockosorb. After the water absorption by Aquasorb in all concentrations, the salinity order of solutions was as follows: Na2SO4 > CaCl2 > KCl > NaCl. However, in the case of Stockosorb, there was no consistent trend among the different concentrations of solutions. According to the obtained results and based upon the more absorption capacity of Aquasorb compared to the Stockosorb at initial times, application of Aquasorb absorbent is recommended in the areas in which cloudburst takes place at times less than 30 min and in the dry farming areas. Also, according to the absorption results obtained within 24 h and the high absorption capacity of Stockosorb in comparison with the Aquasorb, the application of Stockosorb is recommended in the irrigated agriculture conditions.

Keywords

References

Abedi-koupai J, and Asadkazemi J .2006. Effect of hydrophilic polymer on the field performance of an ornamental (Cupressus arizonica) under reduced irrigation regimes. Iranian Polymer, 15 (9): 715-725.
Achwal W.B .1997. Optimum conditions for microbial degradation of poly (vinyl alcohol) in wastewater. Colourage, 44:47–48.
Arbona V, Iglesias D.J, Jacas J, Primo-Millo E, Talon M, and Gamez- Cadenas A .2005. Hydrogel substrate amendment alleviates drought effects on young citrus plants. Plant Soil, 270:73-82.
Bai W, Zhang H, Liu B .2010. Effects of super-absorbent polymers on the physical and chemical properties of soil following different wetting and drying cycles. Soil Use Manage, 26(3): 253-260.
Bao Y, Ma J.Z, and Li, N. 2011. Synthesis and swelling behaviors of sodium carboxy methyl cellulose-g-poly (AA-co-AM-co-AMPS)/MMT superabsorbent hydrogel. Carbohydrate Polymers, 84(1): 76–82.
Bowman D.C, and Evans R.Y. 1991. Calcium inhibition of polyacrylamide gel hydration is partially reversible by potassium. Horticultural Science, 26(8): 1063-1065.
Busscher W.J, Bjorneberg D.L, and Sojka R.E .2009. Field application of PAM as an amendment in deep-tilled US southeastern coastal plain soils. Soil and Tillage Research, 104: 215-220.
De Herralde F, Biel C, Save R, Morales M.A, Torreciallas A, Alarcon J.J and Sanchez-Blanco M.J. 1998. Effect of water and stress on the growth, gas exchange and water relation in Agryanthemum coronopifolium plants. Plan Science, 139: 9-17.
Devine D.M, and Higginbotham C.L .2005. Synthesis and characterization of chemically crosslinked N-vinyl pyrrolidione (NVP) based hydrogels. European Polymer Journal, 41:1272-1279.
Eskin B, Ucar N, and Demir A .2011. Water vapor absorption properties of a novel filament composed of maleic anhydride polypropylene, polypropylene and super absorbent polymer. Textile Research, 81(14):1503-1509.
Glasbey C.A, Horgan G.W, and Darbyshire J.F. 1991. Image analysis and three-dimensional modelling of pores in soil aggregates. Soil Science, 42:479-486.
Huang Z, Liu S, Zhang B, and Wu Q. 2014. Preparation and swelling behavior of a novel self-assembled- cyclodextrin/acrylic acid/sodium alginate hydrogel. Carbohydrate Polymers, 113 430-437.
Islam M, Robiul M, and Xue X .2011. A lysimeter study of nitrate leaching, optimum fertilisation rate and growth responses of corn (Zea mays L.) following soil amendment with water-saving super-absorbent polymer. Science of Food and Agriculture, 91(11):1990-1997.
Li Y.F, Li X.Z, Zhou L.C, Zhu X.X, and Li B.N .2004. Study on the synthesis and application of salt-resisting polymer hydrogels. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 15:34-38.
Liu I.S, and Rempel G.L .1997. Effects of organic solvents on the synthesis of super absorbents. Applied Polymer Science, 64:1345–1351.
Majed Abu Z. 2006. Control of Rainfall-Induced soil erosion with various types of polyacrylamide. Soils Sediments, 6(3):137-144.
Nazarli H, Zardashti M.R, and Darvishzadeh R .2011. Change in activity of antioxidative enzymes in young leaves of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by application of super absorbent synthetic polymers under drought stress condition. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(11):1334-1338.
Rao K, Venkata, Mohapatra S, Maji TK .2012. Guest-responsive reversible swelling and enhanced fluorescence in a superabsorbent, dynamic microporous polymer. Chemistry - A European Journal, 18(15):4505-4509.
Wang G.J, Li M, and Chen X.F .1998.  Preparation and water-absorbent properties of a water-swellable rubber. Applied Polymer Science, 68:1219-1224.
Wu Q, Zhang Q, and Zhang B .2012. Influence of super-absorbent polymer on the growth rate of gas hydrate. Safety Science, 50(4): 865-868.
Xiahua Q, Mingzhu L, Zhenbin C, and Fen Z. 2008. Study on the Swelling Kinetics of Superabsorbent Using Open, Circuit Potential Measurement. European Polymer, 44: 743 -754.
Zohurian-mehr M.J and Kabiri K. 2008. Superabsorbent polymer materials: A review. Iranian Polymer Journal, 17 (6): 451-477. (In Persian)
Applied Soil Research
Volume 7, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
September 2019
Pages 97-108

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 15 October 2017
  • Revise Date: 28 July 2019
  • Accept Date: 16 April 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics