Evaluation of Capability of  Fifteen Isolates of Mycorrhiza-like Endophytic Fungi on Release of Phosphorous from Phosphorite Mineral in the Aquatic Culture Medium

Ahadi, Nesa; Safari Sinegani, Ali Akbar; Aletaha, Raheleh Sadat

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan

² Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University

Abstract

Phosphorus is the most widely used element for plant growth and development after nitrogen. Although the phosphorus content is high in soils, its bioavailability for plants is very low. Therefore, using biological methods to increase its bioavailability is very beneficial. In this study, 15 isolates of plant endophytic mycorrhiza-like fungi were used to increase phosphorus bioavailability in two soil phosphorite (5 g.L^-1) modified Pikovskaya culture media with two concentrations of organic carbon (1% and 7% glucose) in three replications and sampled in four times. Analysis of the data showed that the release of phosphorus and calcium was associated with the reduction in pH of culture media. All fungi have the ability to release phosphorus and the ability of fungi was significantly higher in the 7% glucose concentration. The highest amount of solubilized phosphorus was obtained with inoculation of Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus calidoustus, and Alternaria botrytis in the modified Pikovskaya culture medium with 7% glucose. The solubilized P concentration in 30th day of incubation was equal to 339.56, 334.19 and 334.64 mg L^-1 respectively. Also, the highest amount of the dissolved calcium in the medium with 7% glucose in Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus calidoustus treatments was 423.36 and 403.36 mg L^-1 respectively. However, the highest electrical conductivity in the medium with 7% glucose was obtained in the cultivation of Alternaria botrytis, which was equal to 3.01 dS m^-1in 30^th day of incubation. The amount of the dissolved calcium and the electrical conductivity increased continuously over a period of time for thirty days. This may dependent on the pH reduction and mineral P solubilization by fungi. The analysis of biomass P in fungal hyphae showed that the fungi with lower ability in P release in solution had higher biomass P. The highest pH and biomass P was measured in the Penicilium sp. culture medium with the lowest EC and solubilized Ca. The lowest amount biomass P in 7% glucose in Alternaria botrytis, Giberlla thapsina and Alternaria consortialis treatments. This study revealed that mycorrhiza-like fungi had different methods in release of phosphorus from minerals and increase of P bioavailability in soil that can be used in the production of biofertilizers.

Keywords

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Evaluation of Capability of Fifteen Isolates of Mycorrhiza-like Endophytic Fungi on Release of Phosphorous from Phosphorite Mineral in the Aquatic Culture Medium

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Volume 9, Issue 2September 2021Pages 87-101

Volume 9, Issue 2
September 2021
Pages 87-101