Consequences of urea phosphate fertilizer application on the nutrient status and quantitative and qualitative yield of sugarcane

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Agricultural Researches Department, Karun Agro Industrial, Inc, Shushtar, Iran

Abstract

Most of the soils of sugarcane fields in the Khuzestan province are calcareous and have little organic matter. The availability of nutrients such as phosphorus and the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer application are low in these soils. In calcareous soils, a significant part of phosphorus fertilizers, becomes insoluble after entering the soil and are out of reach of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the application of phosphorus fertilizers, based on their acidic solution, in order to evaluate the status of nutrients and quantitative and qualitative yield of sugarcane. For this purpose, treatments of 0, 10, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 of urea phosphate fertilizer were applied in 100 m2 square plots of cultivated sugarcane cultivar with second regrowth age (R2). The results showed that the application of phosphorus fertilizer compared to the control, significantly (P≤0.05) increased the quantitative and qualitative yield of sugarcane, so that the highest yield of millable cane was observed in 20 kg ha-1 of urea Phosphate treatment (61.3 ton ha-1 with 18.2% increase). However, applying of 40 kg ha-1 of urea phosphate, only a 10.5% increase was observed compared to the control. On the other hand, the negative effect of high phosphorus concentrations on nitrogen concentration in leaves was evident, especially in the early growth period. The leaf ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus (N:P), regardless of the type of treatment, averaged 1:6.9. But the average leaf ratio of nitrogen to potassium (N/K) was 2.7:1, which was significantly different from the optimal values required for maximum growth of sugarcane. In general, the results showed that urea phosphate application in available phosphorus-deficient soils, depending on soil and plant conditions, has a significant role in increasing sugarcane yield. On the other hand, disturbtion of the balance of nutrients by deficiency or excess of nutrients in the plant, leads to a significant reduction in growth and quantitative and qualitative yield in sugarcane.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Akhtar M and Naeem A. 2012. Reduction in Ammonia Loss by Applying Urea in Combination with Phosphate Sources. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 43:2043-2049
Allison J.C.S., Pammenter N.W., and Haslam R.J. 2007. Whydoes sugarcane (Saccharum sp. hybrid) grow slowly? South African Journal of Botany 73: 546-551.
Almeida H.J., Cruz F.J.R., Pancelli M.A., Flores R.A., Vasconcelos R.L., and Prado R.M. 2015. Decreased potassium fertilization in sugarcane ratoons grown under straw in different soils. Australian Journal of Crop Science 9(7): 596-604.
Arruda B., Rodrigues M., Soltangheisi A., Richardson A.E., Andreote F.D. and Pavinato P.S. 2016. Biological and morphological traits of sugarcane roots in relation to phosphorus uptake. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 16 (4): 901-915.
Beaufils E.R., and Sumner M.E. 1976. Application of the DRIS approach for calibrating soil, plant yield and plant quality factors of sugarcane. South African Sugar Technologists' Association 50: 118-124.
Behravan H.R., Zand E., and Shafiei Baftee F. 2013. Good management practices manual for the cane sugar industry. Kerdegar press (Ahvaz) 386p. (In Persian)
Behravan H.R., Khorassani R., Fotovat A., Moezei A.A. and Taghavi M. 2019. The Effect of Humic Acid and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Phosphatase Enzymes, Active Carbon and Available Phosphorus in Sugarcane Rhizosphere. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research 50(10): 2571-2581. (In Persian)
Bremner J.M., and Douglas L.A. 1984. Decomposition of urea phosphate in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 35(4): 575-578.
Bremner J.M. (1996). Methods of soil analysis. Part3. Chemical Methods. SSSA, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 1085-1121.
Bremner J.M. and Mulvaney C.S. 1982. Nitrogen total. pp. 595- 624. In: Page A.L., Miller R.H. and Keeney D.R. (Eds.). Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical analysis. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of American, Madison, Wisconsin.
Ciampitti I.A., and Vyn T.J. 2014. Understanding global and historical nutrient use efficiencies for closing maize yield gaps. Agronomy Journal 106: 2107-2117.
Chorom M., Ahmadpor D.A. 2007. Study of phosphorus adsorption characteristics of soils under shoeibieh sugercane farms in Khuzestan. Agricultural Research 7(3):  103-114. (In Persian)
Fageria V.D. 2001. Nutrient interactions in crop plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition 24(8): 1269-1290.
Fan X., Zhou X., Chen H., Tang M. and Xie X. 2021. Cross-talks between macro- and micronutrient uptake and signaling in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science 12: 663477.
Gee G.W. and Bauder J.W. 1986. Particle-size analysis. In: Klute, A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis 1: Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 2nd Ed. American Society of Agronomy, Madison pp. 383-411.
George T.S., Hinsinger P., and Turner B.L. 2016. Phosphorus in soils and plants - facing phosphorus scarcity. Plant and Soil 401:1-6.
Groot C.C., Marcelis L.F.M., Boogard R.V.D., Kaiser W.M., and Lambers H. 2003. Interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus in determining growth. Plant and Soil 248: 257-268.
Güsewell S. 2004. N:P ratios in terrestrial plants: variation and functional significance. New Phytologist 164: 243-266.
Güsewell S. 2005. Responses of wetland graminoids to the relative supply of nitrogen and phosphorus. Plant Ecology 176: 35–55.
Hussain S., Anwar-ul-Haq M., Hussain S., Akram Z., Afzal M., and Shabbir I. 2017. Best suited timing schedule of inorganic NPK fertilizers and its effect on qualitative and quantitative attributes of spring sown sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 16(1): 66-71.
Karimian N. 2000. Excessive consequences of phosphorus fertilizer application. Journal of Water and Soil 12 (4): 1-15. (In Persian)
Kingston G. 2014. Mineral nutrition of sugarcane, in sugarcane: physiology, biochemistry, and functional biology, Eds P.H. Moore and F.C. Botha (Oxford: John Wiley&Sons) 85-120.
Kalra Y.P. 1998. Handbook of Methods for Plant Analysis. Soil and Plant Analysis Council, Inc. CRC Press. Boca Raton Boston London New York Washington, D.C.
Krouk G., and Kiba T. 2020. Nitrogen and Phosphorus interactions in plants: from agronomic to physiological and molecular insights. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 57:1-6.
Joris H.A.W., Souza T.R., Montezano Z.F.,Vargas V.P. and Cantarella H. 2014. Evaluating Nitrogen Behavior in Sugarcane after Fertilization Using Leaf and Sap Extract Analyzes. American Journal of Plant Sciences 5: 2655-2664.
Julien P.A., Germann L.S., Titi H.M., Etter M., Dinnebier R.E., Lohit Sharma L., Baltrusaitis J. and Tomislav Friˇsˇci´ T. 2020. In situ monitoring of mechanochemical synthesis of calcium urea phosphate fertilizer cocrystal reveals highly eff ective water-based autocatalysis. Chemical Science journal 11: 2350.
Leite J.M., Ciampitti I.A., Mariano E., Vieira-Megda M.X., and Trivelin P.C.O. 2016. Nutrient Partitioning and Stoichiometry in Unburnt Sugarcane Ratoon at Varying Yield Levels. Frontiers in Plant Science 7:466.
Loeppert R.H. and Suarez D.L. 1996. Carbonate and gypsum. In: Sparks, D.L. (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. SSSA Madison. pp. 437-474.
Lucas R.E., and Davis J.F. 1961. Relationships between pH values of organic soils and availabilities of 12 plant nutrients. Soil Science 92: 177-182.
Mahidi S.S., Hassan G.I. Hussain and Faisul-ur-Rasool A. 2011. Phosphorus availability issue-its fxation and role of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in phosphate solubilization-case study. Agricultural Science Research Journal 2: 174-179
Mahohi A., Nouri M., Emam A. Kahiesh M. 2018. Study of phosphorus status in soil and plant at different ages of Sugarcane cultivation. 16th Iranian Soil Science Congress. (In Persian)
Mariano E., Leite J.M., Vieira-Megda M.X., Ciampitti I.A., Vitti A.C., Faroni C.E., et al. 2016. Biomass and Nutrient Content by Sugarcane as Affected by Fertilizer Nitrogen Sources. Crop Science 56(3): 1234.
Matin M.A., Oya K., Shinjo T. and Horiguchi T. 1997. Phosphorus Nutrition of Sugarcane: Growth, Yield and Quality of Sugarcane as Affected by Soil Phosphorus Levels. Japanese Society for Tropical Agriculture 41(2): 52-59.
McCray J.M., Rice R.W., Luo Y. and Ji S. 2010. Sugarcane Response to Phosphorus Fertilizer on Everglades Histosols. Agronomy Journal 102: 68-77.
Meade G.P. and Chen J.C.F. 1977. Cane sugar handbook. John Wiley and Sons, NY.
Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran, 2019. Annual agricultural statistics. www.maj.ir.
Mohammad M., Shibli R., Ajlouni M., and Nimri L. 2008. Tomato root and shoot responses to salt stress under different levels of phosphorus nutrition. Journal of Plant Nutrition 21: 1667-1680.
Munson R.D., and Filho J.O. 1985. Potassium Nutrition of Sugarcane. ACSESS Publications 1045-1061 doi:10.2134/1985.potassium.c44.
Nelson D.W. and Sommers L.E. 1996. Total carbon organic carbon and organic matter. In: Sparks, D.L. (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis part 3 Chemical Methods. Soil Science Society of America: Madison WI SSSA Book Serie. pp. 153-188.
Olsen S.R., Cole C.V., Watanabe F.S. and Dean L.A. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA. Circ. 939. U. S. GOV. Print Office Washington DC.
Pereira Da Silva G. and Lucas Justino Chiaia H. 2021. Limitation due to nutritional deficiency and excess in sugarcane using the integral diagnosis and recommendation system (DRIS) and nutritional composition diagnosis (CND). Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2021.1885690
Rhoades J. 1986. Salinity: electrical conductivity and total dissolved salids. In: Sparks, D.L. (Ed.). Methods of soil Analysis. Part 3: Chemial Properties. Soil Science Society of America. Madison Wisconsin. pp. 417- 435.
Rice E.R. and Hebert L.P. 1972. Sugarcane variety tests in Florida during the 1971-72 season. USDA Agricultural Research Service S-2.
Rowell D.L.(1994) Soil Science: Methods and Applications. Longman Group, Harlow. 345p.
SadrasV.O. 2006.The N:P stoichiometry of cereal, grain, legume and oil seed crops. Field Crops Research 95: 13-29.
Shukla S.K., Yadav R.L., Singh P.N., and Singh I. 2009. Potassium nutrition for improving stubble buds sprouting, dry matter partitioning, nutrient uptake and winter initiated sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid complex) ratoon yield. European Journal of Agronomy 30: 27-33.
Soares J.R., Cantarella H., Menegale M.L. 2012. Ammonia volatilization losses from surface-applied urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 52: 82-89.
Teixeira G.C.M., Prado R.D.M., Rocha A.M.S. and Piccolo M.D.C. 2020. Root- and foliar-applied silicon modifies C: N: P ratio and increases the nutritional efficiency of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings under water deficit. PLOS ONE 15(10): e0240847.
Thomas G.W. 1996. Soil pH and soil acidity. In: Sparks, D.L. (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. SSSA Madison. pp. 475-490.
Welch M. 2003. Farming for nutritious foods: Agricultural technologies for improved human health. IFA-FAO Agricultural Conference, Rome, Italy.
Yang G., Zhao H., Chen Q., Yu X., Li Z., Liu K., Zhang M. and Liu Zh. 2020. Potassium Chloride-Modified Urea Phosphate with response surface ptimization and its application effect on Maize in saline-alkali Soil. ACS Omega 5(28): 17255–17265.
Zhao D., Glaz B., and Comstock J.C. 2014. Physiological and growth responses of sugarcane genotypes to nitrogen N rate on a sand soil. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 200: 290-301.