Effect of Native Halophilic, Alkaliphilic and Haloalkaliphilic Rhizospheric Bacteria of Almond (Prunus Amygdalus L.) on the Nutrient Availability in Saline and Sodic Soils

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Researcher, Soil and Water Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran,

2 M.Sc. of Horticultural Science, Horticultural Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Instructor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Beneficial soil microorganisms protect the plant from stress by forming symbiotic relationships with the plant, and by converting and retaining elements in the soil, they feed the plant. This research was carried out in two parts: 1) isolation and purification of Fifty-five halophilic, alkaliphilic, and haloalkaliphilic isolates from different almond (Prunus amygdalus L.) rhizosphere soils in Khorasan Razavi province and investigation of some plant growth-enhancing properties in all isolates in the laboratory conditions to select superiors isolates; 2) test of the six best-selected isolates in the vicinity of the GN15 almond rootstocks to evaluate the effect of the isolates on the availability of phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, chlorine and sodium ions in four saline-sodic soils (2, 4, 8 and 16 dS m-1 salinity, and 9.69, 14.99, 14.21 and 19.72 SAR respectively). The results showed that the average production of plant growth-enhancing properties for alkaliphilic, haloalkaliphilic and halophilic isolates was for the production of indole-3-acetic acid (213.93, 77.13 and 15.98 mg L-1), the solubility of mineral phosphates (127.55, 73.99 and 40.19 mg L-1) and the production of exopolysaccharides (578.11, 284.54 and 35.90 mg L-1). The use of bacteria stabilized the pH in the range of 7 to 7.5 and significantly reduced soil electrical conductivity at high salinities (8 and 16 dS m-1) and increased exopolysaccharides. The highest concentration of phosphorus and chlorine anions in soil was observed in alkaliphilic bacteria treatment; the highest concentrations of soil potassium, iron, zinc, and sodium were affected by halophilic bacteria. The highest ratio of K/Na in soil was obtained in the treatment of halophilic (15.3), alkaliphilic (11.8), and haloalkaliphilic (9.4) bacteria, respectively. All kinds of indigenous bacteria of halo-alkaliphilic bacteria showed more efficiency in converting and maintaining nutrients in salinity more than 8 dS m-1 and SAR higher than 15.

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References

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History

  • Receive Date: 28 December 2022
  • Revise Date: 18 July 2023
  • Accept Date: 24 July 2023

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