Effect of Biochar on the Chemical Properties of Soil under Cultivation of Two Cultivar of Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) under Drought Stress

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Graduated Student of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

10.30466/asr.2025.55151.1841

Abstract

Drought is an abiotic stress that significantly reduces crop yield. Organic modifiers like biochar can help mitigate the negative effects of drought stress on plants. In order to cultivate low water demand and industrial medicinal plants in arid regions, the guar plant was selected for a study on the effect of drought stress and biochar on cultivated soil. The experiment was set up as split split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a saline soil at field condition. The main factor consisted of three levels of drought stress 10, 14 and 17-day irrigation cycles and the first sub-factor included three levels of biochar 0-, 7.5- and 15-ton hr-1 and the second sub-factor was two levels of soil sampling at 0-20 and 20- 40 cm for local and commercial guar cultivar. Various soil chemical properties were measured, such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, pH and electrical conductivity. The results showed that drought stress significantly affected all traits except magnesium in the soil of the native variety. Biochar had a significant impact on all measured traits in the soil of both cultivars. Soil depth only had a significant effect on acidity and magnesium concentration in the native cultivar’s soil and calcium concentration in the commercial cultivar’s soil. As irrigation cycle increased, salinity, acidity and sodium concentration in the soil also increased, with grater changes in the commercial variety compared to native variety. The pH and EC were increased by 5% and 19 % in the native variety and 9% and 25 % in the commercial variety, respectively. Increasing biochar content in the soil led to acidity, salinity and sodium concentration while calcium concentration decreased. Thus, the acidity, salinity, sodium and calcium concentration in the soil of the native variety changed by 5, 19, 48 and 15%, respectively, and in the commercial variety it increased by 9, 25, 18 and 9%, respectively. Soil sampling at greater depths resulted in increased soil salinity and sodium concentration by 8% and 19% in native and 5% and 28% in commercial cultivars, respectively. Overall, the potential negative effects of using biochar, such as increased soil EC and pH, as well as producing costs on a large scale, should be taken into consideration.

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References

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History

  • Receive Date: 05 February 2024
  • Revise Date: 30 June 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 July 2024

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