Effect of Nitric Oxide Application on Some Morpho-Physiological Parameters and Nutrients Uptake of Apple Rootstock M7 under Iron Deficiency Stress

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 urmia university

2 Dept of Soil Sci. Urmia Uni

10.30466/asr.2025.55245.1845

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of sodium nitrosoprusside (SNP) application, a nitric oxide (NO) releaser, on growth, physiological parameters, and macro- and micronutrient uptake in apple rootstock M7 under hydroponic conditions in response to both direct and indirect (bicarbonate-induced) iron deficiency. The experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement using a randomized complete block design with two factors: SNP at four levels (0, 50, 100, and 200 μM) and iron treatment at five levels: control (90 μM FeNaEDTA, pH 6), direct iron deficiency (45 μM FeNaEDTA, pH 6 and 2 μM FeNaEDTA, pH 6), and indirect iron deficiency induced by potassium bicarbonate (90 μM FeNaEDTA+ pH 7 and 90 μM FeNaEDTA+ pH 8), with three replications. Results indicated that direct and indirect iron deficiency significantly reduced shoot and root fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content, and increased leaf yellowing. SNP application at 200 μM significantly enhanced chlorophyll content by 80.64%, 47.95%, 69.80%, and 97.85% in treatments (Fe 2μM), (Fe 45μM), (Fe 90μM+ pH7), and (Fe 90μM+ pH8), respectively, compared to corresponding treatments without SNP (SNP = 0), and were not significantly different from the control treatment (Control, SNP = 0). Sodium nitrosoprusside significantly increased total iron content in leaves and roots, with 200 μM SNP resulting in 3.2, 3.2, 1.7, and 1.9-fold increases in total leaf iron content in treatments (Fe 2μM), (Fe 45μM), (Fe 90μM+ pH7), and (Fe 90μM+ pH8), respectively, compared to corresponding treatments without SNP (SNP = 0). SNP enhanced nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and manganese concentrations in leaves and roots. These findings demonstrate the beneficial role of SNPs in improving physiological indices and nutrient uptake in apple rootstock M7 under iron deficiency stress.

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Main Subjects

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 March 2024
  • Revise Date: 19 May 2024
  • Accept Date: 27 May 2024

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