The effect of nitrogen (from two sources: urea and ammonium bicarbonate) and phosphorus on some agronomic traits of corn in an alkaline sandy loam soil under greenhouse conditions. Abstract

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Soil Science Dept, Faculty of Agriculture.University of Tabriz

2 Soil Science,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Tabriz,Tabriz,Iran

3 Soil Science Dept,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Tabriz

10.30466/asr.2025.56412.1898

Abstract

To investigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on some agronomical traits of corn plant, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse. The experimental treatments included phosphorus at two levels (zero and 25 mg per kg of soil) from pure mono-calcium phosphate and nitrogen at seven levels (zero, 75, 150, and 300 mg per kg) from two sources, namely urea and ammonium bicarbonate. Phosphorus fertilizer was placed in solid form in the pot soil 8 cm below the intended location for the seeds before planting. Immediately after planting, one-third of the nitrogen was applied in solution form 6 cm below the seeds and about 2 cm above the phosphorus fertilizer. The remaining nitrogen fertilizer was injected into the pot soil in the same manner 20 and 40 days after planting the corn. After 80 days from the planting date and before harvesting, leaf chlorophyll index, stem diameter, and plant height were measured. After harvesting, fresh and dry weights of the shoot and roots, as well as root volume, were measured. The results indicated that an increase in applied nitrogen levels led to an enhancement in the leaf chlorophyll index; however, this increase corresponded with a reduction in both the fresh and dry weight of the shoot and root parts, as well as a decrease in the root-to-shoot ratio and stem diameter. At nitrogen levels of 150 and 300 mg per kg of soil, ammonium bicarbonate treatments demonstrated greater dry weight of the shoot compared to urea; similarly, at levels of 75 and 150 mg, a higher dry weight of roots were also observed. The application of phosphorus fertilizer resulted in an increase in the fresh and dry weight of both the shoot and the roots, as well as an increase in stem diameter.

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History

  • Receive Date: 27 July 2025
  • Revise Date: 05 October 2025
  • Accept Date: 13 October 2025

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