نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم خاک-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم خاک- دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 عضو هیات علمی گروه زیست‌شناسی- دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

5 عضو هیات علمی گروه گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان

6 عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم خاک- دانشگاه ولیعصر (عج) رفسنجان

چکیده

تغییر کاربری اراضی یکی از مهم‌ترین فاکتورهایی بوده که ضمن اثرگذاری روی جوامع ریزجانداران خاک، نقش محوری در اکثر فرآیندهای بیوژئوشیمیایی و اکولوژیکی ایفا می‌کنند. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تغییر کاربری اراضی (از مراتع بوته‌زار به کشاورزی) روی فراوانی نسبی و ترکیب جوامع باکتریایی خاک، مطالعه‌ای با استفاده از روش‌ Real-time PCR در سه کاربری اراضی (باغ، زراعی و بوته‌زار) در دشت جیرفت انجام شد. در هر کاربری 12 نمونه خاک سطحی از عمق 10 سانتی‌متری جمع‌آوری و برخی از ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی آن‌ها‌ اندازه‌گیری شدند. استخراج و خالص‌سازی DNA از نمونه‌های خاک با استفاده از کیت نوکلئواسپین سویل (NucleoSpin® Soil kit) انجام شد. با استفاده از دستگاه Real-time PCR و طبق روش منحنی استاندارد نسبی، مقایسه کمّی غلظت نسبی و دمای ذوب قطعات 16S rDNA باکتریایی خاک به‌ترتیب برای بررسی فراوانی نسبی و ترکیب جوامع باکتریایی خاک در کاربری‌های اراضی مختلف انجام شد. نتایج بررسی غلظت و کیفیت DNA های استخراج شده از نمونه‌های خاک نشان داد که استخراج و خالص‌سازی DNA با استفاده از کیت نوکلئواسپین سویل مطلوب بود. نتایج آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه ناپارامتریک کروسکال والیس (در سطح آماری پنج درصد) نشان داد که کاربری اراضی روی فراوانی نسبی و ترکیب جوامع باکتریایی خاک اثر معنی‌دار داشت؛ به‌طوری‌که میانگین فراوانی نسبی جوامع باکتریایی خاک در کاربری باغ بیش‌تر و با دو کاربری دیگر تفاوت معنی‌دار داشت. هم‌چنین ترکیب جوامع باکتریایی خاک در کاربری بوته‌زار با دو کاربری دیگر تفاوت معنیدار داشت. به‌طورکلی در دشت جیرفت تغییر کاربری اراضی از بوته‌زار به باغ و از بوته‌زار به باغ و زراعی به‌ترتیب سبب افزایش فراوانی نسبی و تغییر معنی‌دار ترکیب جوامع باکتریایی خاک شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of land use on the relative abundance and composition of soil bacterial communities

چکیده [English]

Land-use change is one of the most important factors influencing soil microbial communities, which play a pivotal role in most biogeochemical and ecological processes. In order to determine the effect of land use on the relative abundance and composition of soil bacterial communities by using Real-time PCR, a study was carried out in three different land uses (orchard land, farmland and shrubland) in Jiroft plain, Iran. 12 surface soil samples were collected from each land use and some soil physicochemical properties were measured. The NucleoSpin® Soil kit was used for extraction and purification of DNA from soil samples. Quantitative comparison of the concentration and melting temperature of 16S rDNA amplicons, respectively, for assessment of the relative abundance and composition of soil bacterial communities in different land uses were performed by using Real-time PCR system and based on the relative standard curve method. The results related to the concentration and quality of soil DNA indicated that extraction of DNA from soil samples by using NucleoSpin® Soil kit was favorable. As the results of Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA showed, land use had significant effect on the relative abundance and composition of soil bacterial communities at the level of 5%. Means comparison showed that the relative abundance of soil bacterial communities in orchard land use was higher than that of two other land uses. Furthermore, the composition of soil bacterial communities in orchard and farm land uses was significantly different from shrub one. It can be concluded that land-use changes in Jiroft plain from shrubland to orchard land, and from shrubland to orchard land and farmland have caused an increase in the relative abundance as well as a significant change in the composition of soil bacterial communities, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • genomic DNA from soil
  • soil bacterial 16S rDNA
  • Real-time PCR
  • Jiroft plain
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