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بررسی ویژگی های زیستی خاک تالاب میقان اراک در جایگاههای پیوستن آبهای درونریز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه بوعلی همدان

2 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

3 عضوهیات علمی پژوهشکده گل و گیاهان زینتی محلات

4 عضوهیات علمی گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک

5 رئیس پژوهشکده گل و گیاهان زینتی محلات

چکیده

پایش و نگهداری تالآب‌ها در سرزمین‌های خشک بسیار مهم است. هدف پژوهش کنونی ارزیابی پیامد آب‌های رها شده در تالاب میقان اراک بر ویژگی‌های زیستی خاک بود. برای این کار از دو لایه (۰-۳۰ و ۳۰-۶۰ سانتیمتر) خاک تالاب در چهار جایگاه رهاسازی پساب شهری اراک، رودخانه شهراب، رودخانه فراهان و پساب کارخانه فرآوری سولفات‌سدیم به تالاب میقان در اردیبهشت و آبان سال ۱۳۹۳ نمونه‌برداری شد. فراوانی ریزجانداران کشت شدنی در خاک و همچنین تنفس پایه و برانگیخته و شناسه‌های بوم شناختی بهره متابولیک و ضریب میکروبی خاک اندازه‌گیری شد. فراوانی باکتری، باکتری روده‌ای و اکتینومیست در خاک جایگاه رهایی پساب شهری و فراوانی قارچ در خاک جایگاه رهایی رودخانه فراهان به‌ویژه در لایه رویین و در بهار بیشترین بود و لگاریتم فراوانی آنها به‌ترتیب به ۶، ۵۱/۵، ۹۲/۳ و ۸۵/۴ در هرگرم رسید. پساب کارخانه فرآوری سولفات به اندازه‌ای پیامد بدی داشته‌است که فراوانی قارچ و اکتینومیست در خاک این جایگاه ناچیز بود (لگاریتم آن‌ها به ترتیب کمتر از ۸۵/۱ و ۹۴/۲ در هر گرم خاک بود). از ویژگی‌های زیستی بررسی شده، تنفس برانگیخته بیشترین دگرگونی را داشته و پاسخدهنده‌ترین بود. تنفس پایه و برانگیخته و ضریب میکروبی خاک تالاب در جایگاه رهاسازی پساب شهری در آن به اندازه چشم‌گیری بیشتر بود و به ترتیب ۱۰۲/۰، ۶۸۸/۳ (mg CO2 g-1 soil day-1) و ۱۹۶/۰ (mg Cmic mg-1 Corg) می‌رسید. در برابر آن بهره متابولیک در خاک جایگاه رهاسازی رودخانه شهراب و پساب کارخانه بالاترین بود (به ترتیب ۶۰/۲ و ۵۲/۲ (mg C-CO2 g-1 Cmic h-1)) که نشان از تنش بالای ریزجانداران در این خاک­های شور دارد. پیامد رهاسازی پساب کارخانه فرآوری سولفات بر ویژگی‌های زیستی خاک تالاب کویری میقان زیان­بار و پیامد رهاسازی پساب شهری سودمند بود. رهاسازی پساب شهری می‌تواند مایه دگرگونی گوناگونی زیستی جانداران این تالاب شور و کویری شوند که نیاز به بررسی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The study of biological properties of soils in joining places of surface water-inflows in Meyghan playa in Arak

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahboobeh Safari Sinegani 1
  • Ali Akbar Safari_Sinegan 2
  • Seyed Mohammad Banijamali 3
  • Mehrdad Hadipour 4
  • Pejman Azadi 5

1 Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

2

3 Assistant professor of Ornamental Plant Rsearch center, Horticulture Institute, AREEO, Mahallat

4 Assistant professor of Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Arak University, Arak, Markazi

5 Assistant professor of Ornamental Plant Rsearch center, Horticulture Institute, AREEO; Mahallat

چکیده [English]

Healthy lifestyle on dry land depends on monitoring and maintenance of the ponds. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of surface water-inflows on biological characteristics of wetland soils around Arak Meyghan-Lake. Two soil layers (0-30 and 30-60 cm) in the 4 sites of surface water-inflows were sampled in May and November 2014. The sites were the release sites of treated-municipal-wastewater, Shahrab-River, Farah-River and sodium sulfate-processing plant wastewater. The number of culturable microorganisms in the samples was counted on solid media and the soil basal-respiration (BR), substrate-induced-respiration (SIR), metabolic-quotient (MQ) and microbial-coefficient (MC) were measured. The number of soil fungi in the site Farahan-River site and the numbers of soil bacteria, enteric bacteria and actinomycetes in the release site of municipal wastewater especially in topsoil and in spring were significantly higher compared to those in the 3 other sites (respectively 4.85, 6, 5.51 and 3.92 log numbers). The numbers of the studied microorganisms in soil in the release site of sulfate-plant wastewater were significantly low and the numbers of fungi and actinomycetes were negligible in the most samples. Soil SIR was the most susceptible and responsive index among the studied biological properties. The release of municipal-wastewater in the playa improved the soil biological indices like BR (0.102 mg CO2 g-1 soil day-1), SIR (3.688 mg CO2 g-1 soil day-1), and MC (0.196 mg Cmic mg-1 Corg) significantly. In contrast, the MQ was significantly high in the release site of Shahrab-River and sulfate-plant wastewater (2.60 and 2.52 (mg C-CO2 g-1 Cmic h-1) respectively), showing the negative effects and the higher salt tension in these sites. Although the release of municipal-wastewater in Meyghan-Lake had positive effects on soil biological characteristics, it may have negative effects on biodiversity of these salty soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Culturable microorganisms
  • Metabolic quotient
  • Microbial coefficient
  • Soil respiration
مراجع
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تحقیقات کاربردی خاک
دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 108-120
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 فروردین 1398
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