نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده‎ ‎منابع‎ ‎طبیعی‎ ‎و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری آلودگی محیط زیست ،‎ ‎دانشکده‎ ‎منابع‎ ‎طبیعی‎ ‎و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد آلودگی محیط زیست، دانشکده‎ ‎منابع‎ ‎طبیعی‎ ‎و محیط‎ ‎زیست، دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

فرآیند تولید سیمان به‌ سبب ماهیت و استفاده انبوه از مواد معدنی و سوخت‌های فسیلی به‌عنوان یکی از منابع مهم آلودگی فلزات سنگین از طریق  انتشار گرد و غبار می‌باشد. مطالعه‌ حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر فاصله از منبع انتشار (الکتروفیلتر) بر ترسیب فلزات سنگین در خاک اطراف کارخانه سیمان نهاوند انجام شد و از فواصل 1000،800،500،300 و 2000 متری اطراف کارخانه و از الکتروفیلتر نمونه‌برداری صورت گرفت. در این فواصل به­ترتیب 4، 4، 3، 4 و2 نقطه و با سه تکرار نمونه­برداری شد. همچنین 6 نمونه از 11 کیلومتری کارخانه به‌­عنوان منطقه شاهد برداشت شد. پس از آماده­سازی و هضم نمونه‌ها غلظت فلزات سنگین توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی به روش شعله اندازه‌گیری شد. جهت مطالعه‌ اثر فاصله از منبع آلودگی، آزمون‌های آماری و شاخص‌های آلودگی به کار گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج، اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری (p<0.05) بین غلظت Cd، Pb ، Zn، Cr و Mn در فواصل مختلف با الکتروفیلتر مشاهده شد. در فاصله‌ 300 متری بالاترین مقادیر شاخص‌ها به­دست آمد که نشان از آلودگی بیشتر این محدوده نسبت به سایر فواصل بود و با افزایش فاصله از کارخانه آلودگی کاهش یافت. همچنین غلظت فلزات سنگین در منطقه شاهد کمتر از غلظت آنها در اطراف کارخانه سیمان بود. مقادیر شاخصCF  و Igeo برای فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، سرب و نیکل از بالاترین مقدار برخوردار بود. نتایج تجزیه به مولفه‌های اصلی نشان داد که Cd، Mn و Pb در مولفه اول و Zn، Ni و Cr در مولفه دوم قرار دارند. با توجه به معنی‌دار بودن اختلاف بین فواصل مختلف و بالاتر بودن غلظت فلزات سنگین در اطراف کارخانه نسبت به منطقه شاهد این گونه می‌توان نتیجه­گیری نمود که کارخانه سیمان نهاوند منبع اصلی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک­های اطراف است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of pollution indices to investigate of heavy metals ‏sequestration in soil (Case Study of Nahavand Cement Factory)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Eisa Solgi 1
  • Fouzieh Beigmohammadi&lrm; 2
  • Ali Zamanian 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, &lrm;Malayer University, Malayer, Iran &lrm;

2 Ph.D student &lrm;of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, &lrm;Malayer, Hamedan, Iran &lrm;

3 &lrm;MSc Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University

چکیده [English]

The cement production process is a major source of heavy metal contamination through dust emissions due to massive use of minerals and fossil fuels in this industry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of distance from the source (Electrophilter) on the amount of heavy metals in the surrounding soils of Nahavand cement factory. Soil samples were collected at 300, 500, 800, 1000 and 2000 meter from the cement factory and also Electrophilter dust were sampled.
At these intervals, 4, 4, 3, 4 and 2 points with three replicates were sampled, respectively. Also, 6 samples were collected 11 km from the factory as control area. Samples were prepared, digested and then the concentration of heavy metals was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. According to the results, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the heavy metals concentration (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and Mn) between different distances and Electrophilter.The highest values of the pollution indices were observed at the distance of 300 meter and pollution decreased along with increasing distance from the cement factory. Meanwhile, the heavy metal concentrations in the control area were less than their concentration around the cement factory. The highest values of contamination factor (CF) and Igeo index were determined for cadmium, lead and nickel. The results of principal component analysis showed that the first component include Cd, Mn, and Pb and the second component include Zn, Ni, and Cr. Regarding to the, statistically significant difference between the distances, and higher concentrations around the cement factory than the control area, it can be concluded that Nahavand cement factory is the main source of heavy metals pollution in its surrounding soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Pollution
  • Heavy Metals
  • Nahavand cement factory
  • Electrophilter
  • Pollution Indicators
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