نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیک و حفاظت خاک، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان.

2 شهید باهنر کرمان

3 گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه بیرجند

4 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه بیرجند.

چکیده

ایران در کمربند خشک و نیمه‌خشک زمین قرار گرفته است و از سوی دیگر به دلیل خشکسالی، تغییر اقلیم و سوء‌مدیریت با کاهش منابع آب شیرین مواجه می‌باشد. بنابراین لزوم افزایش بهره­وری در مصرف آب امری کاملاً بدیهی و ضروری است. از روش‌های مدیریتی در راستای افزایش بهره‌وری از منابع آب می‌توان به روش‌های نوین آبیاری اشاره نمود. مدیریت و کاربرد این روش‌های نوین آبیاری نیز مستلزم مطالعه روند تغییرات رطوبت خاک و میزان قابل دسترسی آن برای گیاه می‌باشد. در این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی عملکرد مدل هیدرولوژیکی HYDRUS-1D در روش آبیاری سنترپیوت در مزرعه یونجه چهار ساله، به ارزیابی برآورد پارامترهای هیدرولیکی خاک با استفاده از روش حل معکوس نسبت به روش توابع پارامتریک در دو عمق متفاوت پرداخته شد. از این‌رو، در این تحقیق برای تعیین مقدار هر یک از پارامترهای هیدرولیکی خاک، از الگوریتم بهینه‌ساز مجموعه ذرات (PSO)  به‌عنوان روش حل معکوس و سه تابع پارامتریکی، Rosetta، قربانی و همایی و سپاس‌خواه و بندر استفاده شد. در ابتدا از بین سه تابع پارامتریک بهترین تابع انتخاب و در ادامه میزان کارایی روش حل معکوس نسبت به روش پارامتریک در فرآیند شبیه‌سازی جریان غیراشباع آب تحت مدل HYDRUS HYDRUSمورد ارزیاب\ی قرار گرفت. نتایج بیانگر توانایی و کارایی قابل قبول الگوریتم PSO در برآورد منحنی رطوبتی خاک و پارامترهای هیدرولیکی آن بوده است. هم‌چنین با ارزیابی شاخص‌های آماری، نشان داده شد که طی لینک‌نمودن مدل HYDRUS HYDRUSبا الگوریتم PSO، این مدل بهتر توانسته است روند تغییرات رطوبت خاک را برآورد نماید. بهترین عملکرد مدل در لایه سطحی با ضرایب 0.89= E، 0.94=d و 0.98=R2  حاصل شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Optimizing Soil Hydraulic Parameters with Inverse and Parametric Solution Methods in Increasing the Accuracy of Water Movement Simulation with HYDRUS

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Etminan 1
  • Majid Mahmoodabadi 2
  • Abbas Khashei siuki 3
  • Mohsen Pourreza Bilondi 4

1 Ph.D. candidate, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand

4 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand.

چکیده [English]

Iran is located in arid and semi-arid belt of the earth and also because of drought, climate changes and mismanagement of water use; its freshwater resources are declining. Therefore, the need to increase water productivity is obviously rational. New methods of irrigation can be mentioned to increase the efficiency of water resources management. Management and application of these new methods of irrigation also requires studying the process of soil moisture changes and its availability to the plant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of HYDRUS-1D hydrological model at two different depths using inverse solution method in relation to pedo-transfer functions in four-year alfalfa farm which irrigated with center pivot irrigation system. Therefore in this study, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm (as inverse solution method) as well as three parametric functions including Rosetta, Gorbani Dashtaki and Homaee, and Sepaskhah and Bondar were used to estimate soil hydraulic parameters in simulating soil movement and moisture distribution in HYDRUS-1D hydrological model. So, among the three parametric functions, the best function was selected and then the efficiency of the inverse solution method was compared to the parametric method in the process of simulating the unsaturated flow with the HYDRUS model. The results indicated the acceptable ability of PSO algorithm to estimate soil moisture characteristic curve and its hydraulic parameters. Also by evaluating the statistical indices, it was shown that by linking HYDRUS model with PSO algorithm, this model was efficient to estimate the trend of soil moisture changes. The best model performance was obtained in the soil upper layer with E=0.89, d=0.94 and R2=0.98.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • HYDRUS Model
  • Inverse solution
  • Soil moisture characteristic curve
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