نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

استفاده از مدل رقومی ارتفاعدر مطالعات مدیریت و حفاظت از منابع آب‌ و خاک نقش مهمی دارد. در این تحقیق از داده­های ارتفاعی نسل دوم سنجنده ASTER و SRTMو خطوط تراز رقومی­شده دو نقشه توپوگرافی با مقیاس 1:50000 به­عنوان
داده­های ورودی استفاده شد. سپس اقدام به مدل‌سازی تغییرات ناهمواری‌های سطح زمین با دو روش درون‌یابی همسایگی طبیعیو وزن­دهی بر اساس معکوس فاصله و مقایسه آن‌ها در اراضی پائین‌دست سد تهم در استان زنجان، شد. چهار مدل رقومی ارتفاع با استفاده از شاخص­های آماری جذر میانگین مربعات خطا، میانگین خطای انحراف، میانگین خطای مطلق و ضریب تبیین موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. 100 نقطه کمکی با ارتفاع مشخص همراه با نقاط کنترلی ارتفاعی مرجع با استفاده از تکنیک DGPS و شبکه نقاط مبنای مسطحاتی در بازدیدهای میدانی متعدد تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که مدل تولید­شده با روش همسایگی طبیعی و اطلاعات سنجنده ASTERبا داده­های ارتفاعیِ کنترلی انطباق بیشتری داشته (شاخص میانگین خطای انحراف به ترتیب 41/1 و 235/0) و مدل تولید­شده با روشوزن­دهی بر اساس معکوس فاصله و اطلاعات سنجنده SRTM از انطباق کمتری برخوردار هستند (شاخص میانگین خطای انحراف به­ترتیب 045/10 و 296/6). تجزیه و تحلیل برخی مؤلفه­های اولیه توپوگرافی تأثیرگذار بر فرسایش از قبیل شیب، جهت شیب، طول و کلاس زه‌کش نشان­داد که مدل رقومی تهیه شده توسط سنجنده ASTERنسبت به مدل همسایگی طبیعی از دقت بیشتری برخوردار است. پیشنهاد می‌شود تا در مناطق دارای شدت پستی و بلندی متوسط و مطالعات نیمه تفصیلیِ خاکشناسی و مرتبط با مباحث کنترل فرسایش و حفاظت خاک از مدل‌ ارتفاعی سنجنده ASTER استفاده گردد. به‌کارگیری داده­های ارتفاعی این سنجنده ضمن افزایش دقت مطالعات، باعث کاهش زمان مطالعات و هزینه‌های اجرای برنامه‌های مدیریتی فرسایش و حفاظت خاک در این مناطق می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Importance ofselecting the appropriate digital elevation modelinmanagement of soil and waterconservation (Case study: Taham dam, Zanjn province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kamran Moravej 1
  • Mohammad Amir Delavar 2
  • Akram Sadeghbeigi 3

چکیده [English]

Application of digital elevation model plays an important role in studies of management and protection of soil and water resources. In this research, ASTER-GDEMand SRTM-DEM and digitized contour lines of two topographic maps at 1:50000 scale are used as input data. The change of relief was modeled by nearest neighbor(NN) and inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation methods for downstream of Taham dam at north west of Zanajn province.Four digital elevation models were investigated by root mean square error, mean bias error, mean absolute error and correlation coefficient indexes. 100 auxiliary heights points along with reference control points using DGPS technique and surface network basis points were determined based on several field surveys.The results show that natural neighbor model and ASTER-GDEM data are more compatible(MBE index was 1.41 and 0.238 respectively) and inverse distance weighting model and SRTM-DEM are less compatible with control and reference points (MBE index was 10.045 and 6.296 respectively). Analysis of some primary components of topography affecting the soil erosion such as slope, aspect slope, length and class of stream represents the second generation of ASTER-GDEM is more accurate than others. It is suggested that ASTER digital elevation model to be used in areas with moderate topography and semi-detailedsoil protection and erosion control surveys. Application of ASTER-GDEM increases accuracy of the survey and reduce time and cost of performance of the management program about soil and water conservation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contour Lines
  • Control Points
  • Interpolation
  • Topography and Validation
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