Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
4
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
10.30466/asr.2026.56052.1879
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient with a significant effect on plant growth. Maize is highly sensitive to phosphorus deficiency during early growth stages. This study was conducted under two conditions: optimal and phosphorus deficiency stress to analyze stress tolerance indices in 93 maize inbred lines and identify lines tolerant to low phosphorus stress. The experiment used a completely randomized design with three replications at Urmia University in 2017–2018. Based on performance under both optimal and phosphorus deficiency stress conditions, various stress tolerance indices were calculated, including Mean Productivity (MP), Tolerance Index (TOL), Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Harmonic Mean (HM), Yield Stability Index (YSI), Yield Index (YI), Abiotic Tolerance Index (ATI), and Modified Stress Tolerance Index under stress conditions (MSTI). Correlation, principal component, and cluster analyses showed that HM, GMP, YI, MP, MpSTI, and MsSTI were ideal indices for selecting lines that performed well under both optimal and phosphorus deficiency stress conditions. Based on these indices, lines Ma005, Ma006, Ma007, Ma009, Ma010, Ma011, Ma022, Ma024, Ma025, Ma026, Ma027, Ma028, and Ma064 were identified as phosphorus deficiency stress-tolerant lines, showing better grain yield under both phosphorus stress (YS) and optimal phosphorus (YP) conditions. The results of this study can help scientists develop sustainable and optimal cultivation strategies in phosphorus-deficient areas. Additionally, plants tolerant to nutrient deficiencies can help farmers increase yields and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers under these conditions.
Keywords
Main Subjects
)