نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس بین‌الملل دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 استادیار بخش خاک و آب مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایران

5 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

چکیده
با توجه به سطح زیر کشت زیاد انار در کشور، توجه بیش‌تر به تغذیه این گیاه برای افزایش کمّی و کیفی این میوه، ضروری می‌باشد. مدیریت تغذیه یکی از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر در تعیین عملکرد و کیفیت میوه می‌باشد که مطالعات اندکی در ارتباط با مدیریت اجرایی بهینه در زمینه تغذیه درختان انار انجام شده است. از این‌رو، پژوهش حاضر برای بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی انار رقم خزر به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به اجرا در آمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل ترکیبی از ورمی‌کمپوست در سه سطح صفر، 5/12 و 75/18 (V1, V2, V3) کیلوگرم در هر درخت و اسید هیومیک در دو سطح صفر و پنج (H1, H2) گرم در هر درخت به‌صورت مصرف خاکی و کلات روی در دو سطح صفر و پنج (Zn1, Zn2) در هزار به صورت محلول‌پاشی بودند. صفات اندازه‌گیری شده شامل عملکرد، طول و قطر میوه، ویژگی‌های کیفی آب میوه شامل فنل کل، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، اسیدیتی قابل تیتراسیون، درصد مواد جامد محلول بودند. هم‌چنین، غلظت برخی عناصر غذایی در برگ نظیر نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و روی تعیین شدند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان دادکه اثرات تیمارهای اعمال شده بر بیش‌تر صفات مورد مطالعه معنادار بودند. بیش‌ترین میزان عملکرد معادل 09/29 کیلوگرم در هر درخت، بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی به میزان 79/39 درصد و فنل کل آب میوه حدود 12/863 میلی‌گرم اسید گالیک بر 100 گرم آب میوه از تیمار 5/12 کیلوگرم ورمی‌کمپوست، پنج گرم هیومیک اسید در هر درخت و محلول‌پاشی پنج در هزار روی V2H2Zn2)) مشاهده شد. هم‌چنین در این تیمار غلظت نیتروژن، پتاسیم و روی به‌طور معناداری افزایش یافت و بیش‌ترین غلظت این عناصر در برگ حاصل شد که در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد می‌توان آن را به عنوان تیمار برتر پیشنهاد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Humic Acid, Vermicompost and Zinc Foliar Spray on Some Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Pomegranate (Khazar Bardaskan cv.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza poozeshi 1
  • Gholamhossein Haghnia 3
  • Hamidreza Zabihi 4
  • Ali Reza Astaraei 5

1 PhD student, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

2

3 Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

4 Assistant Professor of Soil and Water Research, Department Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Razavi, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension organization, Iran

5 Associate professor, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural College, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Considering the high cultivation area of pomegranate in Iran, it is necessary to pay attention to this plant nutrition in order to increase quantitative and qualitative of pomegranate fruit. Nutrition management is one of the most important factors for determining the yield and quality of fruit that there are a few studies to reach the optimal management of nutrition in pomegranate. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of organic component and chemical fertilizers on quantity and quality characteristics of Punica granatum fruit cv. KhazarBardaskanas a factorial design based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Treatments include vermicompost in three levels of 0, 12.5 and 18.75 (V1, V2, V3) kg tree-1 and humic acid in two levels of 0 and 5 g tree-1 (H1, H2) as the soil application and zinc chelate in the two levels of 0 and 0.005 (Zn1, Zn2) as foliar spray. The measured factors were yield, length and diameter of fruit and some qualitative characteristics of fruit juice such as total phenol, antioxidant activity, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS). Also, the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc were determined in leaves. The results of present study showed that the effects of treatments were significant for more measured parameters. The maximum amount of yield 29.09 kg tree-1, antioxidant activity (39.79 %) and total phenol (863.12 mg GAE 100g-1) were observed in V2H2Zn2 treatment of 12.5 kg tree-1 vermicompost, 5 g tree-1 humic acid and 0.005 foliar sprayof zinc. Also, the level of nitrogen, potassium and zinc in the leaves were obtained from the above mentioned treatment (V2H2Zn2), which compared with the control treatment can be recommended as the superior treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant activity
  • Pomegranate
  • Total phenol
  • Vermicompost
  • Zinc concentration
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