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اثر مایه‌زنی توأم باکتریPseudomonas fluorescens و قارچ Glomus intraradices بر جذب عناصر غذایی در گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی تحت سطوح مختلف شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

4 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

گیاهان در همزیستی با قارچ­های میکوریز آربوسکولار (AMF) علاوه بر جذب بیشتر آب و عناصر غذایی، می‌توانند مقاومت خود را در برابر تنش­های محیطی از قبیل شوری و یا خشکی افزایش دهند. تصور می‌رود حضور برخی از باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) مخصوصاً سودوموناس­ها در ریزوسفر چنین گیاهانی احتمالاً اثر هم‌افزایی داشته و اثرات مثبت قارچ­های میکوریز را تشدید کنند. تحقیق حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر مایه‌زنی توأم (و تک­تک) دو سویه از باکتریPseudomonas fluorescens  و قارچ Glomus intraradices بر جذب عناصر غذایی در گوجه‌فرنگی رقم Super strain B تحت سطوح مختلف شوری اجرا شد. بدین منظور گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی در یک طرح فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و سه تکرار با دو سطح قارچ Glomus intraradices (با مایه­زنی (+AM) و بدون مایه­زنی (-AM))، سه سطح باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFT:Pseudomonas fluorescens Tabriz، PFC: Pseudomonas fluorescens Chao و :PF0بدون مایه­زنی) و چهار سطح شوری 56/1، 3، 6 و 9 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (به‌ترتیب 1S تا 4S) حاوی مخلوطی از نمک‌های NaCl، CaCl2، MgSO4 و Na2SO4 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سطوح شوری دو هفته پس از کاشت نشاها، به‌صورت روزانه و به مدت 45 روز به گلدان‌ها اضافه شد. 1S (56/1 دسی­زیمنس بر متر)، EC محلول غذایی در آب مقطر به‌عنوان محیط پایه بود. نتایج تجزیه­های آماری نشان داد که در اکثر غلظت عناصر اندازه­گیری شده مانند فسفر اندام هوایی، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم ریشه و نیز Ca/Na ریشه و K/Na ریشه و اندام هوایی تیمار PFT باعث افزایش معنی­دار نسبت به تیمارهای PFC و شاهد شد (05/0P<) و غلظت سدیم ریشه و کلراید اندام هوایی در حضور تیمار PFC به طور معنی­دار بیشتر از تیمارهای شاهد و PFT بود (05/0P<). غلظت سدیم، کلسیم، منیزیم و کلراید در اندام­های گیاه با افزایش شوری افزایش یافت، درحالیکه غلظت پتاسیم و فسفر روند کاهشی نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده در این تحقیق، مایه­زنی گیاه گوجه­فرنگی با باکتری PFT، شاخص‌های تحمل به شوری و در نتیجه شرایط رشد را در گوجه­فرنگی بهبود می‌بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Dual Inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Glomus Intraradices on Nutrient Uptake in Tomato Under Defferent Levels on Salinity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Hakimi 1
  • Nasser Aliasgharzad 2
  • Mohammad Reza Sarikhani 3
  • Nosratollah Najafi 4

1 MSc Student, Department of Soil Science, University of Tabriz

2 Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz

3 Assistant Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz

4 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz

چکیده [English]

The plants in symbiosis with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) can absorb more nutrients and water which increases their resistant’s against environmental stresses such as drought or salinity. It is perceived that the presence of Plant Growth Promoting Rihzobacteria (PGPR) especially Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere of these plants has probably synergistic effect with mycorrhizal fungi. This experiment was performed to study the effect of single and dual inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Glomus intraradices on nutrient uptake in tomato variety Super strain B under salinity stress. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with application of Glomus intraradices (including 2 levels; with inoculation (+AM) and without inoculation (-AM)), Pseudomonas fluorescens (including 3 levels; P. fluorescens strain Tabriz P. fluorescens strain Chao and without bacterial inoculation (control)) and four levels of salinity (S1:1.56, S2: 3 S3: 6 and S4: 9 dS m-1) was done in a pot culture with 3 replications. Mixed of different salts such as NaCl, CaCl2, MgSO4 and Na2SO4 were used to make salinity levels. Salinity treatments were daily exerted after two weeks of seedling and continued for 45 days. S1 (1.56 dS‌‌ ‌m-‌1) EC of the nutrient solution in distilled water was used as medium. Statistical analysis showed that concentration of nutrients such as phosphorus of shoot, potassium, calcium and magnesium of root and also root Ca/Na, root and shoot K/Na in PFT was higher than PFC and control treatment significantly (P<0.05). The sodium of root and chloride of shoot in the presence of PFC was higher than in PFT and control treatment. The concentrations of Na, Ca, Mg and Cl in plant tissues increased with increasing salinity, while P and K concentrations showed a decreasing trend. Based on the result obtained in this study, inoculating tomato plants with PFT improves salt tolerance index that cause favorable growth conditions for tomato plant.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • plant growth promoting rihzobacteria
  • Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
  • nutrient
مراجع
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تحقیقات کاربردی خاک
دوره 1، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
جلد 1، شماره 2
بهمن 1392
صفحه 45-60
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سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 اسفند 1391
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1392
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