اثرات کود مرغی و کود پتاسمی بر عملکرد و جذب نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، روی و مس در سیب‌زمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی

2 عضو هیات علمی بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب مرکز تحقیقات،آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان

چکیده

استفاده از کودهای آلی می‌تواند در افزایش عملکرد محصولات مختلف کشاورزی و نیل به کشاورزی پایدار مؤثر باشد. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثر کود مرغی و کود پتاسیمی بر عملکرد و جذب برخی عناصر غذایی توسط سیب‌زمینی به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و با سه تکرار، به مدت 2 سال در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی تجرک استان همدان اجرا گردید. تیمارهای کود مرغی در 4 سطح (صفر، 5، 10 و 15 تن در هکتار) و کود پتاسه در 3 سطح (صفر، 50 و 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از منبع سولفات پتاسیم بودند. در مرحله گلدهی با تهیه نمونه و برداشت بخش هوایی، عملکرد و غلظت عناصر غذایی در بخش هوایی، و بعد از برداشت نیز عملکرد و غلظت عناصر غذایی غده تعیین شد. نتایج ادغام شده دو سال آزمایش نشان داد که اثر اصلی کود مرغی بر عملکرد غده و بخش هوایی سیب‌زمینی و غلظت عناصر غذایی آن معنی‌دار بود. اثر اصلی سولفات پتاسیم فقط بر غلظت مس و روی بخش هوایی و غده معنی‌دار بود و مصرف 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات پتاسیم بیشترین غلظت عناصر غذایی روی و مس را در غده و بخش هوایی سیب‌زمینی ایجاد نمود. با مصرف 5 تن در هکتار کود مرغی، بیشترین مقدار عملکرد غده سیب‌زمینی به میزان 71/44 تن در هکتار به دست آمد. بیشترین غلظت عناصر غذایی غده و بخش هوایی و بیشترین عملکرد بخش هوایی سیب‌زمینی نیز در تیمار مصرف 15 تن در هکتار کود مرغی مشاهده شد. چنانکه مثلا غلظت روی غده 29/35 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم و غلظت مس 41/29 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم وزن خشک و عملکرد غده 51/27 تن در هکتار بود. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که در شرایط خاک‌های مشابه با خاک این پژوهش، مصرف 5 تن در هکتار کود مرغی می‌تواند تأثیر قابل ملاحظه‌ای بر افزایش عملکرد غده داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Chicken Manure and Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc and Copper Uptake of Potato

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Yazdanpanah 1
  • Rahim Motallebifard 2
1 Staff member
2 Staff member of soil and water department of agricultural and natural resources research center and education
چکیده [English]

Use of organic manure can improve yield of agricultural products for sustainable agriculture. This research was conducted to study the effects of Chicken manure and Potassium fertilizer on yield and uptake of some nutrients by Potato in a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design that replicated three times for two years in Tajarak research station, Hamedan Province. The Chicken manure had four levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 T/ha) and Potassium fertilizer had three levels (0, 50 and 100 kg/ha) as Potassium sulfate. In flowering stage, shoot yield and nutrient concentrations was determined by sampling. Yield of potato tubers and nutrient concentrations of tubers were also determined after harvesting. Combined data of two years of experiment showed that the main effect of chicken manure on the potato tubers and shoot yield and also the nutrient concentrations were significant. The main effect of potassium sulfate was only significant on the copper and zinc concentrations of tubers and the shoots. Consumption of 50 kg/ha potassium sulfate made maximum concentration of copper and zinc in tubers and shoots. Use of 5 T/ha chicken manure caused the highest yield equal to 44.7 T/ha. The maximum nutrient concentrations in tubers and shoots and maximum yield of shoots was obtained with application of 15 T/ha chicken manure. Therefore, in the soil conditions similar to this research, using 5 T/ha chichen manure could cause considerable increase in tuber yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nutrients uptake
  • Potato
  • Potassium fertilizer
  • Poultry manure
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