نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران. ziaeyan_39@yahoo.com .

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه خاکشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - واحد داراب

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه کارشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - واحد داراب

4 عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، داراب، ایران.

چکیده

کودهای شیمیایی، زیستی و آلی نقش مهمی در افزایش کمی و کیفی تولیدات کشاورزی دارند. به منظور مطالعه اثرات تلقیح میکوریزایی، کاربرد پتاسیم و کود دامی بر عملکرد و ترکیب شیمیایی برگ انار، پژوهشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار، در منطقه جنت شهر، نزدیک داراب در استان فارس، در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل ترکیبی از دو سطح 0 و 500 گرم میکوریزا، سه سطح 0، 10 و 20 کیلوگرم کود گوسفندی و دو سطح 0 و 500 گرم اکسید پتاسیم به ازای هر درخت بود. میکوریزا و کود دامی قبل از گلدهی و اکسید پتاسیم در دو مرحله قبل و بعد از گلدهی مصرف شدند. فاکتورهای اندازه‌گیری شده شامل عملکرد هر درخت، وزن میوه، وزن پوست، وزن دانه‌ها، نسبت پوست به دانه در پنج میوه و غلظت پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن، منگنز، روی و مس در برگ‌ها بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات اصلی کاربرد میکوریزا، پتاسیم و کود دامی بر بیشتر صفات مورد مطالعه معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین میانگین وزن 5 میوه، بیشترین وزن دانه در میوه و کمترین نسبت پوست به دانه از اثر توأم 500 گرم میکوریزا، 20 کیلوگرم کود دامی و 500 گرم پتاسیم حاصل شد. بالاترین غلظت پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن، مس، منگنز و روی از کاربرد توأم 500 گرم میکوریزا، 500 گرم پتاسیم و 20 کیلوگرم کود گوسفندی به ازای هر درخت به دست آمد. بالاترین عملکرد انار ) 44 کیلوگرم در درخت) از کاربرد توأم500 گرم میکوریزا، 10 کیلوگرم کود دامی و 500 گرم اکسید پتاسیم به دست آمد که در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد، 127 درصد افزایش عملکرد نشان داد و می‌توان آن را به عنوان تیمار برتر پیشنهاد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Combined Effects of Mycorrhizal Inoculation, Organic Fertilizer and Potassium Application on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Leaves

چکیده [English]

Chemical, bio and organic fertilizers have an important role in increasing of quantity and quality of agricultural products. In order to study the effects of mycorrhizal inoculation, potassium and organic manure applications on the yield and chemical composition of pomegranate leaves, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted, in Jannatshahr region, located nearby Darab at Fars province in 2013, . Treatments were a combination of two levels of 0 and 500 grams of mycorrhiza, three levels of 0, 10 and 20 kg sheep manure and two levels of 0 and 500 g of potassium oxide per tree. Mycorrhizae and sheep manure were used before flowering and potassium was applied before and after flowering. The measured factors were yield per tree, fruit weight, skin weight, grain weight, grain skin than five fruits and concentration of potassium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, zinc and copper in leaves. The results showed that the main effects of mycorrhiza, potassium and manure application on the most of studied characteristics were significant. The highest average weight of 5 fruits, the highest kernel weight and the lowest skin-to-kernel weight ratio were obtained from combined application of 500 grams mycorrhizal, 20 kg of manure and 500 g of K2O. The maximum concentration of potassium, phosphorus, iron, copper, manganese and zinc were obtained from combined use of 500 grams of mycorrhiza, 500 grams K2O and 20 kg of sheep manure per each tree. The highest yield of pomegranate fruit (44 kg per tree) were obtained from combined application of 500 g mycorrhiza, 10 kg of sheep manure and 500 g of K2O, which compared with the control treatment, showed 127% increase in yield and can be recommended as the superior treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Manure
  • Mycorrhizal inoculation
  • Pomegranate and Potassium sulfate
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