نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه، خاک و آب و فیزیک

2 عضو هیأت علمی

3 محقق

چکیده

سرب و کادمیم از جمله عناصر سنگینی هستند که از منابع گوناگون به آب، خاک، گیاه و نهایتاً به زنجیر‌ه‌ غذایی انسان راه می-یابند و آسیب‌هایی جدی به سلامتی انسان وارد می‌کنند. تاکنون روش‌های مختلفی برای پالایش خاک‌های آلوده بیان شده است. گیاه‌پالائی یکی از روش‌های نویدبخش در این زمینه است. هدف از گیاه‌پالایی برداشت و استخراج حداکثری آلاینده از محیط خاک می‌باشد. استفاده از کلات‌ها ازجمله شیوه‌های مؤثر در فراهمی زیستی عناصر سنگین است. لذا، در این پژوهش پیامدهای اتیلن دی‌آمین تترا استیک اسید (EDTA) به‌عنوان یک کلات‌کننده شیمیایی در افزایش جذب سرب و کادمیم توسط کلزا (رقم اوکاپی) بررسی گردید. این پژوهش در شرایط گلخانه‌ای به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل: 1- کاربرد EDTA در دو سطح (صفر و 7/2 میلی‌مول در کیلوگرم خاک)، 2- عنصر سرب در سه سطح (صفر ، 150 و 500 میلی‌گرم درکیلوگرم خاک) و 3- عنصر کادمیم در سه سطح (صفر، 3 و 10 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) بودند. بدین‌‌منظور، یک نمونه خاک غیرآلوده انتخاب و با غلظت‌های مختلف سرب و کادمیم آلوده شد. سپس بذر کلزا کشت گردید و در پایان دوره رشد (هفت ماه پس از کشت) غلظت سرب و کادمیم در گیاه (کاه و کلش و دانه) و خاک اندازه-گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد EDTA حلالیت سرب و کادمیم را در محلول خاک افزوده و منجر‌به افزایش جذب سرب در کاه و کلش (6/25 برابر) و دانه کلزا (2/11 برابر) و کادمیم در کاه و کلش (12 درصد) گردید. همچنین بررسی غلظت سرب و کادمیم در کلزا نشان داد که در کاه و کلش در تیمار‌های آلوده، غلظت کادمیم (1/23- 35/7 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) در هر دو سطح EDTA و غلظت سرب (48/275-47/106 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) تنها در حضور EDTA در حد سمیت مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of EDTA on Uptake of Lead and Cadmium by Canola

چکیده [English]

Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are among heavy metals which enter water, soil, plants and ultimately the human and animals food chain from variouse resources and can cause serious damages. Several methods has been suggested for remediation of contaminated soils. Phytoremediation is a promising technology for this purpose. Harvesting and maximum extraction of contaminants from soil environment is the purpose of phytoremediation. Use of chelates, is one of the effective approaches for increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals. Therefore, In this study, the effects of Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetic Acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent on increased absorption of Pb and Cd by Canola (Okapi) were studied. A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse as a factorial and completely randomized design with three replication. Factors included of : 1- EDTA Application in two levels (0 and 2.7 mmolkg-1 soil), 2- Pb at three levels ( 0, 150 and 500 mgkg-1 soil) and 3- Cd in three levels (0, 3 and 10 mgkg-1 soil). Consequently, a non- contaminated soil was selected and contaminated with different amounts of Pb and Cd. Then, canola seeds were planted and after harvest, Pb and Cd concentration in plants (grain and straw) and soil was measured. The results showed that EDTA Application was able to increase Pb and Cd solubility in soil solution, resulting in increased absorption of Pb in straw (25.6 times) and grain (11.2 times) and Cd in straw (12 %). Also studying the Pb and Cd concentration in canola showed that in canola straw in contaminated treatments, Cd concentration (7.35-23.1 mgkg-1) in both levels of EDTA and Pb concentration (106.47-275.48 mgkg-1) only in treatment with EDTA were observed in toxicity limit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals
  • Grain
  • Straw
  • phytoremediation
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