منشایابی برخی فلزات سنگین با استفاده از تکنیک‌های آنالیز خوشه‌ای و تجزیه عاملی در خاک-های جزیره هرمز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 شهید باهنر کرمان

2 دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

جزیره هرمز یک منبع گردشگری با جلوه‌های طبیعی و چشم اندازهای بکر است که متاسفانه امروزه در معرض صدمات ناشی از فعالیت‌های انسانی قرار گرفته است. در این پژوهش تعداد 58 نمونه سطحی(cm30-0) از منطقه مورد مطالعه که شامل تمامی سطح جزیره هرمز می‌باشد، جمع‌آوری و غلظت فلزات آهن، روی، سرب،کادمیوم و نیکل به روش هضم چهار اسید و با دستگاه (ICP- OES) اندازه‌گیری شد. به منظور شناسایی منابع احتمالی فلزات سنگین موجود در خاک‌های جزیره هرمز، از آنالیزهای چندمتغیره (آنالیز خوشه‌ای و تجزیه عاملی) و جهت تعیین میزان آلودگی منطقه از شاخص‌های زمین‌انباشتگی و فاکتور غنی‌شدگی استفاده شد. بر اساس مقادیر شاخص زمین‌انباشتگی، آلوده‌ترین عنصر در منطقه موردنظر آهن، و بر اساس فاکتور غنی‌شدگی نیز آهن در محدوده بسیار غنی‌شده قرار داشت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه عاملی نشان داد که بین تک تک عناصر گروه "آهن، نیکل و سرب" و همچنین، بین عناصر گروه "روی و کادمیوم"، ارتباط مثبت و بالایی وجود دارد که بیانگر منشا یکسان اجزای درون هر گروه بوده و بدلیل نبود آلودگی صنعتی در منطقه، این تفاوت احتمالا ناشی از اختلاف در ساختار زمین‌شناسی می‌باشد. از طرفی انجام آنالیز خوشه‌ای، عناصر روی و کادمیوم را در یک گروه، و عناصر آهن، نیکل و سرب را در گروه دیگر قرار داد که این امر تائیدی بر نتایج تجزیه عاملی بوده و مجدداً نشان دهنده منشا و رفتار ژئوشیمی یکسان عناصر در هر گروه و تفاوت در بین گروه‌های یاد شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the source of some heavy metals using cluster and factor analysis techniques in soils of Hormoz Island

چکیده [English]

Hormoz Island is a tourism resource with natural features and virgin landscapes which were exposed to damages caused by human activities. In this study, 58 surface samples were collected from the study area and total concentration of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd and Ni were measured by using four acid digestion procedure and inductively coupled plasma instrument (ICP-OES). Cluster analysis and factor analysis were applied to identify the possible sources of the heavy metals in soils of Hormoz Island and for determination of pollution area, geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (CF) were used. Fe element was identified as the most polluted element based on the values of Igeo, and CF showed the high enrichment level of this element. The obtained results from the factor analysis showed that there are a positive and strong relation between elemental group of “Fe, Ni and Pb” and elemental group of “Zn and Cd”. Therefore, these two elemental groups have the different origin and because of the absence of industrial pollution in the study area, this difference is probably due to different geological structure. Also, based on cluster analysis, elements of Zn and Cd were categorized in one group and Fe, Ni and Pb elements in another group. These findings confirm the results of the factor analysis and represent the same origin and the same geochemical behavior of elements in each group.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Enrichment factor
  • geoaccumulation index
  • Heavy metals
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