نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تحیقات کاربردی خاک

2 دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

کودهای آلی می‌توانند بر جذب سطحی فسفر و قابلیت استفاده آن تأثیر داشته باشند .بیوچار به عنوان یک منبع آلی قابل تجدید می‌تواند در افزایش فراهمی فسفر در خاک‌های آهکی نقش قابل ملاحظه ای داشته باشد. در این تحقیق جذب فسفر در یک نمونه خاک آهکی تیمار شده با دو نوع بیوچار حاصل از هرس درختان سیب و انگور تولید شده در دمای°C 400 با نسبت های مختلف بیوچار (0، 10 و 20 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و در سه دره انکوباسیون (40، 80 و 120) روز انجام گرفت. داده های جذب با مدل‌های لانگ مویر و فروندلیچ و تمکین برازش یافتند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد بیوچار باعث کاهش جذب فسفر در خاک و افزایش رهاسازی فسفر گردید. بر اساس ضریب تبیین (R2) و خطای استاندارد برآورد (SE)، هر سه مدل لانگ مویر ، فروندلیچ و تمکین برازش نسبتا خوبی با داده های آزمایشی نشان دادند. حداکثر جذب فسفر (qmax) معادله لانگمویر در خاک شاهد 850 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم و حداقل آن در سطح 2 درصد بیوچار درخت انگور 415 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم مشاهده شد. میزان انرژی پیوند ((Kl از 175/0 به 031/0 لیتر برکیلو گرم کاهش یافت. پارامترهای ظرفیت (KF) فروندلیچ در خاک‌های تیمار شده در محدوده 14-5/90 و شاهد 95 میلی گرم بر گرم و شدت جذب (n) در خاک تیمار شده در محدوده 1/0-5/1 و در خاک شاهد 25/1 قرار گرفتند. مقدار KT تمکین از 139 به 122 کاهش یافت. با گذشت زمان مقدارجذب فسفر در همه تیمارها کاهش یافت. میزان شاخص‌های بافری خاک در خاک‌های تیمار شده با بیوچار سیب و انگور نسبت به خاک‌ غیر تیمار شده روند کاهشی نشان دادند. می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که کاربرد بیوچار سیب و انگور در خاک آهکی باعث کاهش جذب مکان‌های جذبی فسفر در خاک و افزایش فسفر محلول می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of incubation period of different levels of apple and grap biochars on the adsorption behavior of phosphorus in a calcareous soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Negar Rashidi 1
  • Abbas samadi 2
  • Ali mahammad Nik bakht 2

1

2 university urmia

چکیده [English]

Organic manures can affect on phosphorus sorption and its availability. Biochar as a renewable organic source of phosphorus could have a significant role in increase phosphorus availability in calcareous soils. In this study, phosphorus sorption was performed in a calcareous soil treated with two types of of biochar prouduced from apple and grape pruning at 400 ° C at different rates (0, 10 and 20 g/kg soil, w/w) and three incubation periods (40, 80, 120 days). Phosphorus adsorption data were fitted to langmuir and freundlich and temkin models. The results showed that the use of biochar reduced phosphorus adsorption in the soil and increased the release of phosphorus. Based on coefficient of determination (R2) and the standard error of estimation (SE), all three models Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin fitted well with the experimental data. High values of Langmuir (qmax) was observed (850 mg/kg) in un‌treated soil and low values was observed (415 mg/kg) at the 2% levels of grape biochar. The binding energy (Kl) declined from 0.03 to 0.175 (l/kg). Capacity parameters (KF) of freundlich was variable from 14-90.5 (l/kg) in the apple and grape biochar treated soil and was (95 l/kg) in the untreated soils .The intensity adsorption (n) parameter of freundlich was variable from (0.1-1.5 ) in the apple and grape biochar treated soil and 1.25 in the untreated soil. The parameter of (kT) of temkin declined from 139 to 122 (l/kg). Phosphorus adsorption declined in all treatments over time. The value of soil buffering indices declined in the apple and grape biochar treated soil as Comparied to the untreated soil. It can be concluded that use of apple and grape biochar reduse the phosphorus places adsorption in calcareous soils and increase solution phosphoruse soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biochar
  • Phosphoruse sorption
  • Apple
  • Grape
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