تاثیر شوری و پتاسیم آب آبیاری بر ویژگی‌های ساختمانی خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

ویژگی‌های ساختمانی و هیدرولیکی خاک به نوع و کیفیت آب آبیاری وابسته است. به منظور بررسی اثر پتاسیم در قالب نسبت کاتیونی پایداری ساختمان خاک (CROSS) بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی خاک (لوم شنی)، پژوهشی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل در ستون‌های خاک دست‌نخورده در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل شوری آب آبیاری (در دو سطح 4 و 8 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) و مقادیر مختلف یون پتاسیم آب آبیاری (CROSS در چهار سطح10 ، 15، 20 و 25) بودند. بعد از 16 هفته آبیاری، پارامترهای فیزیکی خاک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مقادیر شوری، مقدار رس قابل پراکنش در آب به طور معنی‌داری کاهش ولی مقدار میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه‌ها افزایش یافت و تغییر مقدار هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع و مقاومت فروروی معنی‌دار نبود (P<0.05). با وجود عدم استفاده از یون سدیم، یون پتاسیم تاثیر معنی‌داری (P<0.05) بر پارامترهای فیزیکی خاک مثل رس قابل پراکنش، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه‌ها، مقاومت فروروی و هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع داشت وباعث تخریب ویژگی‌های فیزیکی ذکر شده گردید. اثر مشترک شوری و CROSS مشخص نمود که اثر تخریبی پتاسیم و CROSS بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی خاک در شوری dS/m 8، کمتر از شوری dS/m 4 در خاک مورد مطالعه بود. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌شود که اثرات یون پتاسیم در ارزیابی ساختمان خاک مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of potassium and salinity in irrigation water on soil physical properties

چکیده [English]

Structural and hydraulic properties of soil depend on type and quality of irrigation water. In order to investigate the effect of potassium as cation ratio of structural stability of soil on physical properties (sandy loam soil), a research was performed as completely randomizes design with factorial arrangement and 3 replications in undisturbed soil columns. Experimental factors consisted of saline water (2 salinity rate: 4, and 8 dSm-1), and different contents of potassium ion in irrigation water (4 CROSS values: 0, 15, 20, and 25). Soil columns were irrigated for 16 weeks, after then soil physical properties were measured. The results showed that when salinity increased, water dispersible clay significantly decreased and mean weight diameter of aggregates increased, while changes of penetration resistance and saturated hydraulic conductivity was were not significant. Despite sodium ion was not used in irrigation water potassium in irrigation had a significant effect on soil physical properties, such as water dispersible clay, mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), and penetrometer resistance (PR) and they were degraded. Interaction effect of salinity and CROSS of irrigation water on soil properties in EC = 8 dSm-1 was less than that of EC = 4 dSm-1. According to the results of this research, it’s recommended the effect of potassium ion to be considered for evaluation the soil structure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water irrigation quality
  • Soil structural stability
  • Soil pphysical properties
  • Potassium
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