تاثیر منابع و مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر عملکرد ریشه و برخی ویژگی‌های کیفی چغندرقند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی (Ph.D.)، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی (Ph.D.)، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

مدیریت مصرف نیتروژن (N) یکی از عوامل مهم در افزایش عملکرد و بهبود کیفیت محصول چغندرقند است. هدف از انجام این تحقیق، ارزیابی پاسخ گیاه چغندرقند به سه سطح کودی نیتروژن شامل مقدار مصرف بر مبنای آزمون خاک (125 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، 25 درصد کمتر و 25 درصد بیشتر از آن و چهار منبع کودی شامل اوره، نیترات آمونیوم و نیتروژن کندرها شامل اوره آغشته به گوگرد (تولید داخل) و اوره با پوشش گوگردی بودند. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار، در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندوآب استان آذربایجان غربی به مدت دو سال زراعی (87-1385) اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح کودی نیتروژن به‌طور معنی‌داری عملکرد ریشه، درصد قند و عملکرد شکر را تحت تاثیر قرار داده و بیش‌ترین مقدار این صفات با مصرف نیتروژن بر مبنای آزمون خاک بدست آمد. همچنین، غلظت نیتروژن برگ‌ها با افزایش سطوح کودی افزایش یافت. هیچکدام از عوامل مذکور تحت‌ تاثیر منابع کودی نیتروژن قرار نگرفتند. منابع کود نیتروژن بر نیتروژن معدنی (نیتروژن-نیتراتی و نیتروژن-آمونیومی) خاک تاثیر معنی‌داری داشتند. غلظت نیتروژن معدنی با افزایش سطوح کودی افزایش یافت. بیش‌ترین مقدار نیتروژن معدنی در تیمار مصرف نیتروژن بر مبنای آزمون خاک از منبع نیترات آمونیوم بدست آمد. از نتایج این تحقیق چنین استنباط می‌ شود که برای تامین نیازهای چغندرقند به نیتروژن، می‌توان از مصرف یکباره نیتروژن توصیه شده قبل از کشت از منابع کودی نیتروژن کندرها یا مصرف تقسیطی آن از منابع اوره یا نیترات آمونیوم استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Different Sources and Amounts of Nitrogen on Root Yield and Some Qualitative Characteristics of Sugar Beet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aziz Majidi 1
  • Hosien Tabiehzad 2
1 Scientific Staff members (PhD), Soil and Water Research Department, Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resource Center of West Azerbaijan, Urmia, Iran.
2 Scientific Staff members (PhD), Soil and Water Research Department, Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resource Center of West Azerbaijan, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nitrogen management (N) is one of the important factors in improving root yield and quality of sugar beet (Beta Vulgaris, L). Suitable source and rate of N fertilizer application are crucial to produce a high–yielding, high-quality sugar beet crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of sugar beet to three levels of nitrogen fertilizer including N application based on soil test (125 kg ha-1), 25% less and 25% more than that one and four N sources including Urea (U), ammonium-nitrate (AN) and two delayed-release N sources e.g. Urea soaked with sulfur (domestic production) and sulfur coated urea (SCU). A field experiment was carried out during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 growing seasons at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Miandoab in West Azerbaijan, Iran. Plots were arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that, N rates influenced significantly root and sugar yields and the superiority was to adding 125 kg ha-1 pertinent to soil-based-test rate treatment. N rates did not influence sugar beet response to N sources. The value of mentioned parameters was not affected by N sources. N sources had consistent effects on mineral N (N-NO3 and N-NH4) concentration in the soil. Mineral N content increased with increasing N rates. The highest amount of mineral N contents were measured in N rate applied based on soil test in the form of AN source. The obtained results are recommended by application of N entirely in pre-plant in the form of delayed-release sources or split application in the form of, Urea or AN.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sugar beet
  • sulfur coated urea
  • Urea
  • Nitrogen split application

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 آذر 1396

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