نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری آگرواکولوژی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشجوی دکتری آگرواکولوژی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

3 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر قارچ میکوریز آربوسکولار بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی ذرت در سطوح مختلف کود فسفات، آزمایشی گلخانه‌ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه‌ی تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد میانه به اجرا درآمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل استفاده از زادمایه میکوریزی گلوموس موسه (تلقیح و عدم تلقیح) و چهار سطح کود شیمیایی فسفات (شاهد، 13، 26 و 39 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار) بود. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین مقدار زیست توده خشک و تر به ترتیب با مقدارهای 47/172 و 08/224 گرم تک بوته مربوط به تلقیح میکوریز در سطح 39 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار بود. همچنین کمترین مقدار زیست توده خشک و تر به ترتیب با مقدارهای 95 و 74/120 گرم تک بوته مربوط به عدم تلقیح میکوریز در سطح شاهد کود فسفر بود. بیشترین مقدار طول، وزن و تعداد بلال به ترتیب با مقدارهای 22/23 سانتی‌متر، 32/116 گرم و 25/4 عدد مربوط به تلقیح میکوریز در سطح 39 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار بود. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که تیمار 39 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار در شرایط عدم تلقیح نه تنها نسبت به تیمار 26 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار در شرایط تلقیح از لحاظ صفات زیست توده خشک و تر برتری ندارد بلکه از آن کمتر می‌باشد. در نهایت نتایج مشخص کرد که استفاده از قارچ میکوریز آربوسکولار باعث افزایش زیست توده، کلروفیل و غلظت فسفر برگ همراه با بهبود صفات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک ذرت می‌شود. همچنین تلقیح با قارچ، افزایش جذب فسفر و عملکرد گیاه به ازای مقدار کمتری از کود فسفات را در پی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on morphological and physiological characteristics of maize (Zea mays L.) in different levels of phosphate fertilizer

نویسنده [English]

  • Sajjad Rahimi Moghaddam 1

1 دانش آموخته دکتری آگرواکولوژی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2

3

چکیده [English]

To study the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on morphological and physiological characteristics of maize in different levels of phosphorus fertilizer, a greenhouse experiment as factorial arranged in completely randomized design with three replications was carried out at Islamic Azad University Miyaneh Branch, Iran. The experimental treatments consisted of mycorrhizal inoculation with Glomus mosseae (inoculation and non-inoculation) and four levels of phosphorus chemical fertilizer (control, 13, 26, and 39 kg P per ha). Results showed that the highest values of wet and dry biomass (224.08 and 172.47 g Plant-1, respectively) were belonged to mycorrhizal inoculation in 39 kg P per ha. Also, the lowest values of wet and dry biomass (120.74 and 95 g Plant-1, respectively) were belonged to mycorrhizal non-inoculation at control level of phosphorus fertilizer. The highest values length, weight and number of ears (23.22 cm, 116.32 g and 4.25, respectively) were related to mycorrhizal inoculation in 39 kg P per ha. Totally, the result indicated which 39 kg P per ha at mycorrhizal non-inoculation had not only higher wet and dry biomass than 26 kg P per ha at mycorrhizal inoculation but also it had lower wet and dry biomass than 26 kg P per ha at mycorrhizal inoculation. Generally, the results of this research shows the increasing amount of biomass, chlorophyll and leaf phosphor concentration with improving in morphological and physiological characteristics of maize due to use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Also, absorption of phosphor and plant yield were increased by applying a low amount of phosphor fertilizer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biomass
  • Chlorophyll
  • Ear weight
  • Plant height
  • Phosphorus
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