نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران

چکیده

میانگین عملکرد لیموترش در باغ­های لیموترش کشور، در مقایسه با میانگین جهانی، فاصله قابل­ملاحظه­ای دارد. به‌طور کلی، عوامل محیطی به‌ویژه عوامل خاکی و تغذیه­ای نقشی تعیین­کننده در عملکرد محصول و رشد گیاه دارند. این­که کدام‌یک از عامل­های مذکور محدودیت بیشتری برای گیاه ایجاد می­کند، می­تواند در  مدیریت محصول و بهبود کیفیت آن خیلی مهم باشد. به منظور آگاهی از وضعیت تغذیه­ای باغ­های لیموترش در هرمزگان و تعیین اثرات مستقیم و غیر مستقیم عوامل مؤثر بر عملکرد، سه منطقه مهم استان (از نظر باغ‌های لیموترش) یعنی هشتبندی، میناب مرکزی و رودان انتخاب و در هر منطقه 20 باغ لیموترش (جمعا 60 باغ لیموترش) انتخاب شدند. سپس عملکرد و برخی ویژگی­های خاک در دو عمق، کیفیت و ویژگی­های آب آبیاری، غلظت عناصر غذایی در برگ و برخی از پارامترهای کیفی میوه تعیین شدند. بررسی و تحلیل داده­ها نشان داد که به­طورکلی، در اغلب باغات مورد مطالعه از نظر غلظت عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم برگ کمبودی وجود نداشت، درحالی­ که زیادی عناصر کلر و بور در اغلب باغات سبب زردی و در برخی موارد سوختگی حاشیه برگ شده بود. بررسی نتایج روابط همبستگی نشان داد که اغلب ویژگی­هایی که با عملکرد دارای همبستگی معنی­دار بودند (مانند مقدار رس، غلظت کلر و  بور برگ)، همبستگی آن­ها منفی بود. بررسی نتایج تجزیه علیت نشان داد که بیشترین تأثیر منفی غلظت کلر برگ بر عملکرد از نوع اثر مستقیم (حدود 90 درصد) بود، درحالی­که تأثیر مستقیم مجموع کلسیم و منیزیم آب آبیاری بر عملکرد زیر یک درصد بود. به­طورکلی، بیشترین تأثیر منفی بر عملکرد لیموترش به­واسطه رس خاک، غلظت بور در آب آبیاری و غلظت کلر برگ ایجاد شده بود که بخش عمده این تأثیرات به­صورت مستقیم بودند؛ بنابراین توصیه می­شود برای افزایش عملکرد راه­کارهایی که به­طور مستقیم اثرات مضر عوامل فوق را تعدیل می­کنند، مدنظر قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Nutrition status evaluating of Hormozgan lime orchards using correlation and path analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaaghoob Hosseini
  • Jahanshah Saleh

Soil and Water Research Department, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The average yield per hectare of lemon orchards in Iran, compared with the global average, has considerable distance. In general, environmental factors, especially soil and nutritional factors play a crucial role in the performance and growth of plants. That which agents will create more restrictions on Plant, it can be important on plant product management and its quantity improvement. To identify the nutritional status of lemon orchards in Hormozgan and determine the direct and indirect effects of factors affecting yield, the three major regions of the province (in terms of lemon gardens) reviews, the Hashtbandi, central Minab and Rudan and in each region 20 lime orchards (total 60 orchards) were selected. Then yield, some soil properties at two depths, irrigation water characteristics and nutrient concentration in leaves and some fruit quality parameters of lemon trees were determined. Data analysis and interpretation showed, in general, there was no nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium deficiency in most orchards, while an excess of chlorine and boron concentration caused yellowing and leaf margin burn in most orchards. Correlational studies showed that most of the characteristics (like clay, leaf chlorine and boron concentration) were significantly correlated with yield, had a negative impact on that. The result of path analysis showed that leaf chlorine concentration had the highest direct effect on the yield (90 %), while a direct impact of total calcium and magnesium was below one percent on the yield. Generally, the most negative effect on yield was by clay, water boron concentrations, and leaf chlorine concentration that the significant portions of these effects were direct. So it is recommended in order to increase yield that solutions be considered that directly mitigate the harmful factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • Hormozgan
  • Lime yield
  • Nutrition
  • Path analysis
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