میزان تجمع باقیمانده عناصر غذایی در ریشه، کاه و کلش و خاک گندم دیم تحت کاربرد باکتری های حل کننده فسفات و قارچ میکوریزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام

2 موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، کرج

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر باکتری سودوموناس پوتیداو قارچ گلوموس موسهبر میزان تجمع باقیمانده عناصر غذایی در ریشه، کاه و کلش و خاک گندم در شرایط دیم، آزمایشی مزرعه­ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو مکان در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام و ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی سرابله در سال زراعی 93-1392 اجرا شد. تیمار­های آزمایشی شامل عامل رقم گندم دیم در دو سطح (کراس­سبلان و ساجی) و تیمار منابع کودی در هشت سطح شامل: 1- تیمار شاهد (عدم مصرف هیچ منبع کودی، (Control، 2-50 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر (50 kg ha-1 P)، 3- باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا(PSB)، 4- قارچ گلوموس موسه(GM)، 5- باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا+ قارچ گلوموس موسه(PSB+GM)، 6- باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا+ قارچ گلوموس موسه+25 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر (PSB+GM+25 kg ha-1 P)، 7- باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا+25 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر (PSB+25 kg ha-1 P) و 8- قارچ گلوموس موسه+25 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر (GM+25 kg ha-1 P) بودند. نتایج تجزیه مرکب این پژوهش نشان داد که اثر برهم‌کنش رقم×منابع کودی بر تجمع باقیمانده عناصر غذایی موجود در ریشه، کاه و کلش و خاک در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی­دار بود. کاربرد باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات و قارچ میکوریزا موجب افزایش غلظت نیتروژن، پتاسیم، اهن و مس موجود در خاک گردید و دارای کم‌ترین غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، روی، منگنز، اهن، مس و منیزیم در ریشه و کاه و کلش بودند. بیش‌ترین غلظت نیتروژن، پتاسیم، آهن و مس موجود در خاک پس از برداشت در رقم ساجی درGM + 25 kg ha-1 P  بدست آمد. ریشه و کاه و کلش گندم دارای بیش‌ترین غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، روی، منگنز، آهن، مس و منیزیم در رقم کراس­سبلان در تیمار شاهد (Control) بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Accumulation of Nutrient Elements on Root, Straw and Soil in Dryland Wheat as Affected by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Mycorrhizal Fungi

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahim Naseri 1
  • Mehrshad Baray 1
  • Mohammad Javad Zarea 1
  • Kazem Khavazi 2
  • Zahra Tahmasebi 1
1 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Water and Soil Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
In order to study the effect of Pseudomonas putida and Glomus mosseae on accumulation of nutrient elements residual on root, straw and soil in wheat under dryland conditions, an experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement using randomized complete block design with three replications at Agricultural Research Station of Ilam University and Sarableh Agricultural and Research, Recources Center during 2013-2014 cropping season. Experiment factors consisted of two dry land wheat cultivars (Keras Sablan and Saji) and fertilizer sources treatment including of 1- without application of phosphorus chemical fertilizer, 2- 50 kg ha-1 P, 3- Pseudomonas putida (PSB), 4- Glomus mosseae (GM), 5-PSB+GM, 6-PSB+GM+25 kg ha-1 P, 7- PSB+ 25 kg ha-1 P and 8- GM+25 kg ha-1 P. Results indicated that interaction effect between cultivar× fertilizer sources had significant effect on accumulation of nutrients elements residual in root, straw and soil in dryland wheat at 1% probablity level. Application of PSB and GM caused increased in N, K, Fe and Cu in soil and the lowest N, P, K, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mg were obtaind in root and straw. The highest N, K, Fe and Cu in soil belonged to Saji cultivar× GM+25 kg ha-1 P. Root and straw had the highest N, P, K, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mg in root and straw in Keras Sabalan×check treatment (without feriilizer sources).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fertilizer sources
  • phosphorus
  • Root
  • Straw
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