نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد خاکشناسی، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بو علی سینا همدان

2 گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بو علی سینا همدان

3 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

4 استاد گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان.

5 دانشجوی دکتری ،گروه مکانیزاسیون، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد شوشتر، خوزستان.

چکیده

کمبود مواد آلی در مزارع نیشکر جنوب خوزستان، استفاده از کودهای آلی را اجتناب‌ناپذیر کرده است. فیلتر کیک یک ماده آلی و از تولیدات جانبی کارخانه‌های نیشکر بوده و اخیراً به‌عنوان یک کود آلی بالقوه مورد توجه است. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر فیلترکیک بر برخی از شاخص‌های کیفیت خاک، مطالعه‌ای در سال 1393 در مزارع شرکت کشت و صنعت هفت‌تپه خوزستان، در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تیمار و سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل زمین کشت نشده (بایر)، مزرعه نیشکر بدون فیلتر کیک و مزرعه نیشکر با فیلتر کیک (100 تن در هکتار، در دو سال پیاپی) می‌باشد. جرم مخصوص ظاهری، تخلخل، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه‌ها و میانگین هندسی قطر خاکدانه‌ها در عمق 0 تا 30 سانتی‌متری و کربن آلی، کربن فعال، ازت کل، فسفر زیست فراهم، پتاسیم زیست فراهم، فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز قلیایی، تنفس پایه و تنفس برانگیخته در عمق‌های 0 تا 30 و 30 تا 60 سانتی‌متری در تیمارها مقایسه شدند. کاربرد فیلتر کیک باعث افزایش میزان کربن آلی (1/4 برابر)، فسفر زیست فراهم (4/7 برابر)، تنفس پایه (5/1 برابر) و تنفس برانگیخته (9/1 برابر)، آنزیم فسفاتاز (6/1 برابر)، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه‌ها (8/2 برابر)، میانگین هندسی قطر خاکدانه‌ها (2/1 برابر) و کاهش وزن مخصوص ظاهری (84/0)، نسبت به تیمار بدون فیلتر کیک شد (001/0 > p). اثرات متقابل تیمارهای کودی و عمق نمونه‌برداری تنها بر روی کربن فعال و نیتروژن معنی‌دار بود و روی بقیه شاخص‌ها اختلاف معنی‌داری نشان نداد. بیشترین مقدار پتاسیم زیست فراهم را تیمار بایر (157میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) داشت که با تیمار فیلتر کیک (135میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) در یک گروه آماری قرار گرفتند. در مقابل، کاربرد فیلترکیک افزایش معنی‌داری در اندازه تخلخل کل خاک نسبت به تیمار بدون فیلتر کیک ایجاد نکرد. در کل، کاربرد کوتاه‌مدت فیلتر کیک در کشت نیشکر تأثیر مثبتی در بهبود کیفیت خاک داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of sugarcane filter cake on selected soil quality indicators in Haft Tape region (Khuzestan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Mollaie 1
  • Mohsen Sheklabadi 3
  • Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani 4
  • Ali Ghasemipor 5

1 Former M.Sc. Student of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hameadan

3 Assist. Prof. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hameadan

4 Prof. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hameadan.

5 Ph.D. Student, Department of Mechanization, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shushtar, Kuzestan.

چکیده [English]

The application of organic amendments is vital for poor soils of sugarcane fields in south Khuzestan. Recently, filter cake which is a byproduct of sugarcane factories rich in nutrients has received attention as a potential organic amendment. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of sugarcane filter cake on selected soil quality indices at Haft Tape agro-industrial complex in 2014. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three treatments including: 1- uncultivated, 2- sugarcane field with 100 kg ha-1 filter cake application for two continuous years, and 3- sugarcane field without filter cake (control), and three replications. Soil bulk density (BD), porosity (Pt), mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of water stable aggregates were determined in surface layer (0-30 cm). Moreover, the same properties as well as total organic carbon (TOC), active carbon (AC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P) and available potassium (K), basal (BR) and induced (IR) microbial respiration, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity (PE) were compared in surface (0-30 cm) and subsurface (30-60 cm) of different treatments. Filter cake application resulted in significant increase in TOC (4.1 folds), P (7.4 folds), BR (1.5 folds), IR (1.9 folds), PA (1.6 folds), MWD (2.8 folds) and GMD (1.2 folds), as well as a significant decrease in BD (0.84 folds) compared to the control. The interactions of treatments and soil depth were exclusively significant for AC and TN. Available K was highest in uncultivated field (157 mg kg-1) with no significant disparity compared to filter cake treatment (135 mg kg-1). Furthermore, no significant improvement was detected in soil total porosity with filter cake application. The results suggest that short-term application of sugarcane filter is beneficial for soil quality improvement.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Organic amendment
  • Organic carbon
  • alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity
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