تاثیر هیومیک اسید بر ویژگی های رویشی، جذب فسفر و پتاسیم و رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی دانهال های پسته تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

کمبود آب عامل عمده محدود کننده رشد و تولید پسته در خاک های مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک ایران می باشد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر کاربرد هیومیک اسید بر ویژگی های رویشی ریشه و اندام هوایی، رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی و جذب فسفر و پتاسیم توسط دانهال های پسته در شرایط تنش خشکی بود. این پژوهش در گلخانه به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل با دو فاکتور تنش خشکی در 3 سطح (شاهد یا 80 درصد، 60 درصد و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و هیومیک اسید در 3 سطح (شاهد، 1 و 2 گرم هیومیک اسید در کیلوگرم خاک)، در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش تنش خشکی در خاک، سطح برگ، وزن خشک برگ و ساقه، وزن خشک کل ریشه و اندام هوایی، محتوای کلروفیل و غلظت و مقدار فسفر جذب شده در ریشه و اندام هوایی کاهش یافت، درحالی که مقدار کاروتنوئیدها و غلظت پتاسیم در ریشه و اندام هوایی افزایش یافت. کاربرد هیومیک اسید سبب افزایش معنی دار طول بخش هوایی (17 درصد)، سطح برگ (39 درصد)، وزن خشک ریشه (31 درصد)، وزن خشک برگ (16 درصد)، وزن خشک ساقه (28 درصد)، وزن خشک کل گیاه (19 درصد)، کلروفیل کل (37 درصد)، کاروتنوئیدها (19 درصد)، غلظت فسفر در ریشه (10 درصد) و اندام هوایی (23 درصد) و مقدار پتاسیم جذب شده در ریشه (11 درصد) و اندام هوایی (22 درصد) شد. بنابراین می توان نتیجه گیری کرد که کاربرد هیومیک اسید (به ویژه سطح 2 گرم هیومیک اسید در کیلوگرم خاک) می تواند با بهبود محتوای رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی، و افزایش جذب عناصر غذایی فسفر و پتاسیم در ریشه و اندام هوایی، سبب بهبود رشد دانهال های پسته و افزایش بردباری آن ها در شرایط تنش خشکی می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Humic Acid on Growth Characteristics, Phosphorous and Potassium Uptake and Photosynthesis Pigments of Pistachio Seedlings under Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • abdolamir moezzi 1
  • naser rashidi 2
  • Afrasyab Rahnama 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2 Ph.D Student of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Water deficit is the main growth-limiting factor for pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) production in semiarid and arid soils of Iran. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of humic acid application on root and shoot growth characteristics, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) uptake and photosynthetic pigments of P. vera L. seedlings under drought stress condition. This study was carried out in greenhouse condition as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with two factors including drought stress (in three levels: 80% (control), 60% and 40% of field capacity moisture content) and humic acid (in three levels including control, 1 g HA kg-1 soil and 2 g HA kg-1 soil) in three replications. Results indicated that leaf area, dry weights of leaf and stem, shoot and root dry weights, chlorophyll contents and shoot and root P content decreased by increasing of soil drought levels, while the reverse result was found in carotenoids and shoot and root K concentrations. application of humic acid leads to significant increase (P≤0.05) in shoot length (17 %), leaf area (39 %) root dry weight (31 %), leaf dry weight (16 %), Stem dry weight (28 %), total plant dry weight (19 %), total chlorophyll (37 %), carotenoids (19 %), root P concentration (10 %), shoot P concentration (23 %) and K content in root (11 %) and shoot (22 %) in all moisture levels. It can be concluded that application of humic acid (especially at level of 2 g HA kg-1 soil) results in improve of the plant growth properties and tolerance to drought stress due to increase of photosynthesis pigments and enhance of shoot and root P and K contents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carotenoid
  • Chlorophyll
  • Growth
  • Nutrients
  • Water deficit

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 مرداد 1397

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