بررسی کارایی همزیستی قارچ‌ میکوریز آربوسکولار (Rhizophagus intraradices) و قارچ ریشه‌زی Piriformospora indica تحت تنش شوری در شیرین بیان ( Glycirrhiza glabra L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

قارچ‌های همزیست ریشه از جمله قارچ‌های میکوریزی قادر به تعدیل تنش‌های زنده و غیرزنده برای گیاه میزبان هستند و رشد، تغذیه و مقاومت گیاه به تنش شوری را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند. شیرین‌بیان (Glycyrrhiza glabra) در آسیا برای بهره-برداری از ریشه آن برای مقاصد دارویی کشت و نیز به عنوان یک منبع علوفه برای دام استفاده می‌شود. به منظور بررسی تأثیر همزیستی با قارچ‌های اندوفیت بر برخی ویژگی‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی این گیاه تحت سطوح مختلف شوری خاک، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل با عوامل شوری خاک (بدون شوری، dS.m-14، dS.m-1 8، dS.m-112 و dS.m-116) و همزیست قارچی (تلقیح نشده، تلقیح شده با Piriformospora indica و یا تلقیح شده با Rhizophagus intraradices) در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد تنش شوری موجب کاهش درصد کلونیزاسیون قارچی، وزن خشک و طول بخش هوایی و ریشه، مقدار پتاسیم و فسفر در بخش هوایی شد و کارایی مصرف فسفر و پتاسیم با افزایش شوری کاهش یافت. همچنین شوری منجر به افزایش نشت الکترولیت و افزایش نسبت Na+/K+ گیاه گردید. تلقیح گیاه با قارچ‌ R. intraradices بطور چشمگیری منجر به افزایش شاخص تحمل تحت تنش شوری شد و نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم را کاهش داد. این گیاهان در تمام سطوح شوری علاوه بر زیتوده بالاتر، مقدار فسفر و پتاسیم بیشتری نسبت به شاهد تلقیح نشده و تلقیح شده با قارچ P. indica نشان دادند. درحالیکه تلقیح با قارچ P. indica فقط در سطح بدون شوری منجر به افزایش وزن خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه گردید، بر سایر صفات مطالعه شده تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان دهنده آثار مفید رابطه همزیستی میکوریز آربوسکولار در گیاه شیرین‌بیان تحت تنش شوری و قابلیت استفاده از آن در راستای گیاه‌پالایی خاک‌های متأثر از املاح می-باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of symbiosis efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhiza (Rhizophagus intraradices) and root endophyte Piriformospora indica under salinity stress in Glycirrhiza glabra L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Khodabandeloo 1
  • Setareh Amanifar 2
  • Ehsan Mohsenifard 3
  • Mohammad Sadegh Askari 2
1 MSc. Graduate, Dept. of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan
چکیده [English]

Symbiotic fungies such as mycorrhiza can alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses in host plants and affect their growth, nutrition and tolerance to salinity stress. Glycyrrhiza glabra is commonly grown in Asia for medicinal purpose and fodder source for livestock. In order to assess the effect of entophytic fungi symbiosis on growth and some physiological properties of G. glabra under different levels of salinity, an experiment was conducted in a factorial design with combination of two factors, salinity levels (non-saline, 4, 8, 12 and 16 dS m-1) and symbiotic fungi (non-inoculated, inoculated with Piriformospora indica orRhizophagus intraradices) in three replicates. Results showed the decrease of root fungal colonization, shoot and root dry weight and root length, and shoot K and P content with increasing of salinity levels. Phosphorus and K utilization efficiency were decreased by increasing of salinity levels. Moreover, salinity caused a significant increase in electrolyte leakage and Na+/K+ ratio. R. intraradices colonization considerably increased tolerance index under salinity stress and decreased Na+/K+ ratio. R. intraradices inoculated plants showed greater biomass, P and K content in comparison with non-inoculated and P. indica inoculated plants. While plant inoculating with P. indica resulted in an increase in shoot dry weight at non-saline condition, and did not significantly affect other studied parameters. Results of this study indicated the ameliorating effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in G.glabra under salinity stress, and the utilization ability of this symbiosis in phytoremediation of salt affected soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mycorrhizal symbiosis
  • Physiological properties
  • Phytoremediation
  • Salinity

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 مهر 1398

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