نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، بخش علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران

2 استادیار بخش علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات فارس، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور مطالعه اثر دو نوع ماده اصلاح کننده بر برخی ویژگی­های فیزیکی سه خاک با بافت مختلف، آزمایشی گلخانه­ای به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل دو نوع ماده آلی (کمپوست کود آلی و ضایعات میوه رسیده انجیر)، چهار سطح مواد آلی (صفر، یک، دو و چهار درصد وزنی) و سه نوع بافت خاک از مناطق مهارلو، زرقان و شیراز در استان فارس (شن لومی، لوم، لوم رسی سیلتی) بود. چهار ماه پس از مخلوط کردن مواد آلی و خاک، برخی ویژگی­های فیزیکی خاک مانند میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه­ها، سرعت نفوذ نهایی آب در خاک، ظرفیت زراعی و تبخیر آب از سطح خاک اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد چهار درصد وزنی ضایعات میوه رسیده انجیر به­ترتیب سبب افزایش معنی­دار 4/32، 5/8 و 02/9 درصدی و کاربرد چهار درصد وزنی کمپوست به­ترتیب سبب افزایش معنی­دار 3/69، 4/5 و 7/7 درصدی میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه­ها، سرعت نفوذ نهایی آب در خاک و رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد. هم­چنین، کاربرد چهار درصد وزنی ضایعات میوه رسیده انجیر و کمپوست به­ترتیب سبب کاهش معنی­دار 9/10 و 3/22 درصدی میانگین تبخیر آب از سطح خاک در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد. با توجه به نتایج به­دست آمده، ضایعات آلی می­توانند به­عنوان یک اصلاح کننده در خاک­های با بافت مختلف برای بهبود شرایط فیزیکی خاک استفاده شوند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که اثر کمپوست در بهبود برخی ویژگی­های فیزیکی خاک بیشتر از ضایعات انجیر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Two Organic Amendments on Some Soils Physical Properties with Different Texture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Dianat Maharluei 1
  • Sedigheh Safarzadeh 2
  • Ali Akbar Moosavi 3

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

3 Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
In order to study the effect of two organic amendments on some physical properties of three soils with different textural class, a greenhouse experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement in completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of two types of organic materials (compost and ripe fig fruit waste), four organic material levels (zero, one, two and four % by weight) and three types of soil textural class (Loamy Sand, Loam, and Silty Clay Loam) from Maharloo, Zarghan and Shiraz areas in Fars Province, Iran. Four months after mixing the organic material with soil, some physical properties of the soil including the mean weight diameter (MWD), the final infiltration rate of water in the soil, field capacity (FC), and water evaporation from the soil surface were measured. Results showed that application of 4% ripe fig fruit waste significantly increased the average MWD, infiltration rate, FC moisture by about 32.4, 8.5, and 9.02% respectively, and application of 4% compost significantly increased the average MWD, infiltration rate, and FC by about 69.3, 5.4, and 7.7% respectively as compared to that of control. Moreover, application of 4% ripe fig fruit waste and compost significantly decreased the average of water evaporation from the soil surface by about 10.9 and 22.3 %, respectively as compared to that of control. According to the results, organic waste can be used as an amendment in soils with different textural class to improve soil physical condition. Moreover, results showed that the effect of compost in improving the physical properties of the soil was more than that of ripe fig waste.    

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ripe fig fruit waste
  • Compost
  • Soil texture
  • water evaporation
  • Mean weight diameter
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