بررسی تأثیر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک بر پایداری خاکدانه و پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی (مطالعه‌ی موردی: دشت داوران رفسنجان، استان کرمان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه‌ ولی‌عصر رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه‌ ولی‌عصر رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه‌ فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار بخش خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، کرج، ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی روابط بین ویژگی­های فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک با پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی و پایداری خاکدانه‌ها در منطقه­ داوران رفسنجان بود. برای این منظور، پس از برداشت 50 نمونه‌ خاک سطحی (صفر تا 10 سانتی‌متر) از واحد دشت ریگی و 43 نمونه‌ از واحد پهنه‌ رسی پوشیده با رسوبات بادرفتی، پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه­ها و برخی از مهمترین ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین مقدار پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی در دشت ریگی، 53/842 و در پهنه­ رسی، 13/632 (×10-8 m3 kg-1) است که این مقادیر نسبت به نتایج گزارش­شده برای پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی نقاط مختلف ایران، خیلی زیاد است و عامل اصلی آن را باید در مواد مادری منطقه جست­وجو نمود. پایین بودن میانگین پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی وابسته به فرکانس در هر دو واحد مطالعاتی نیز بر این موضوع صحه می­گذارد. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که رابطه­ همبستگی مستقیمی بین شکل­های آهن (دیتیوناتی و اگزالاتی) با پایداری خاکدانه­ها در هر دو ژئوفرم مطالعاتی وجود دارد؛ لیکن میزان این همبستگی برای آهن دیتیوناتی، بسیار بالا و معنادار بود. هم­چنین، یک رابطه­ همبستگی منفی بین پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی با قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی، ماده‌ی آلی و کربنات کلسیم معادل در هر دو واحد ژئومورفیک مطالعاتی وجود دارد. رابطه­ همبستگی مثبت و معناداری بین مقدار سیلت، شن و اجزای شن با پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی در هر دو واحد ژئومورفیک مطالعاتی مشاهده شد. بین میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه­ها و پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی، همبستگی منفی وجود داشت که دلیل آن، احتمالا وجود شن زیاد حاصل از بادرفت و اثر سوء آن بر پایداری خاکدانه می­باشد. از سوی دیگر، نتایج حاصل از مدل رگرسیون گویای آن بود که دو متغیر آهن دیتیوناتی و شن، تأثیر معناداری بر پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی و سه متغیر شن، رس و قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی، تأثیر معناداری بر پایداری خاکدانه­ها دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the effects of soil physicochemical properties on aggregate stability and magnetic susceptibility (Case study: Davarn plain of Rafsanjan, Kerman Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Isa Esfandiarpour Boroujeni 1
  • Neda Fakour 2
  • Ali Reza Karimi 3
  • Zohreh Mosleh 4
1 Associate Prof. of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Graduated MSc Student of Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
3 Associate Prof. of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Rafsanjan, Iran
4 Assistant prof., Member of Scientific Board in Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Soil and Water Research Division
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this research was to study the effect of soil physicochemical properties on aggregate stability and magnetic susceptibility in two aeolian geomorphic units (desert pavement and aeolian clay flat) of Davarn plain in Rafsanjan. After taking 50 samples from the surface soil (0 to 10 cm) of desert pavement and 43 samples of aeolian clay flat, the magnetic susceptibility, mean weight diameter of aggregates and some of their most important physical and chemical characteristics were determined. Results showed that the mean magnetic susceptibility in desert pavement was 842.53 and in clay flat was 632.13 (*10-8 m3 kg-1) which is very high compared to those in soils of Iran and its main reason could be attributed to the parent material of the area. The low mean frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility in the both study units also confirms this issue. The mean weight diameter of aggregates in the desert pavement varied from 1.20 to 1.93 mm and in the clay flats from 0.54 to 1.80 mm. The findings of this research showed a direct correlation between iron forms (Fed and Feo) with aggregate stability in the both of studied geoforms; however, the level of this correlation was high and significant for Fed. The results also indicated that there is a negative correlation between magnetic susceptibility with electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) and calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE) in the both of studied units. A positive and significant correlation was seen between total silt, total sand and its fractions with magnetic susceptibility in both geomorphic units. In addition, a negative correlation was seen between the mean weight diameter of aggregates and magnetic susceptibility, which its possible reason can be the presence of a large amounts of sand resulted from aeolian losses and its adverse effects on aggregate stability. The results of regression model indicated that dithionate iron and sand had a significant effect on the magnetic susceptibility; and sand, clay and electrical conductivity had a significant effect on aggregate stability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aeolian sediments
  • Iron forms
  • Central Iran
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