تعیین اولویت کشت برای برخی از تیپ‏های بهره‏وری باغی جهت احداث باغ در منطقه خداآفرین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی خاک دانشگاه زنجان

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه زنجان

3 هیئت علمی، دانشگاه ارومیه

4 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان

چکیده

ارزیابی تناسب اراضی مهم­ترین مرحله در آمایش سرزمین بوده و ارزیابی سریع با دقت و صحت بالا، ضروری است. در این راستا، کاربرد مدل‌های رایانه‌ای، برای مدیریت و ارزیابی منابع خاک اجتناب­ناپذیر است. هدف از این تحقیق، استفاده از سیستم میکرولیز در قالب مدل ترازا در تشخیص محدودیت‌های بیو‌اقلیمی، مدل سرواتانا در پیش‌بینی قابلیت استعداد اراضی و مدل آلماگرا برای ارزیابی تناسب اراضی تیپ‌های بهره‌وری زیتون، هلو و مرکبات در منطقه­ای با وسعت 16555 هکتار در شمال­شرق استان آذربایجان شرقی (شهرستان خداآفرین) می­باشد. بدین منظور، ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی، فیزیکی و شیمیایی 11 خاکرخ شاهد مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. خاک‌های تحت بررسی بر اساس کلید رده‌بندی آمریکایی در دو رده اریدی‌سول­ها شامل زیررده‌های Calcids، Cambids و Gypsids) و انتی‌سول­ها با زیررده  Orthents رده­بندی شدند. بر اساس مدل ترازا، تیپ‌های بهره‌وری زیتون و هلو، در کلاس کمبود رطوبت h2 و مرکبات در کلاس h3 قرار گرفتند. بنابراین در دوره رشد به­ترتیب بین 20 تا 40 درصد و 40 تا 60 درصد کاهش تولید خواهند داشت. نتایج حاصل از مدل سرواتانا نشان داد که 82/82 درصد از اراضی مورد مطالعه مستعد برای کشاورزی و 18/17 درصد برای مرتع و جنگل‌کاری قابل توصیه هستند. نتایج ارزیابی تناسب با مدل آلماگرا نشان داد که هیچ کدام از تیپ‌های بهره‌وری مورد مطالعه، در کلاس S1 قرار نگرفتند. محدودکننده‌ترین عامل‌های خاکی نیز به­ترتیب فراوانی و گسترش بافت خاک، عمق موثر، آهک، توسعه یافتگی و سدیمی بودن بودند. نهایتاً تیپ بهره‌وری هلو مناسب‌ترین محصول با توجه به شرایط اقلیم، زمین‌نما و خاک بوده و اولویت کشت در منطقه به­صورت هلو، زیتون و مرکبات می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of the Priority of Cultivation for some Types of Garden Utilization for Construction of Orchard in the Khodaafarin Area

نویسندگان [English]

  • omid ahmadi 1
  • moslem servati 3
  • Tooraj khoshzaman 4
1 Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2
3 Shahid Bakeri High Education Center of Miandoab, Urmia University
4 Soil and Water Research Department, Zanjan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization
چکیده [English]

Land suitability evaluation is the most important step in land use planning and rapid assessment of the land suitability with high precision and accuracy is necessary. Therefore, the use of computer models for management and assessment of soil resources is inevitable. The aim of this study was to use MicroLEIS system in the form of a Terraza model to identify the bioclimatic deficiency, Cervatana capability and land suitability prediction and Almagra for land suitability evaluation of olive, peach and citrus utilization types in an area of 16555 hectares in the northeast of East Azerbaijan province (Khodaafarin County). The morphological and physiochemical characteristics of 11 control profiles were studied. The studied soils were classified in two order of Aridisols and Entisols and suborder of Calcids, Cambids, Gypsids and Orthents. Based on Terraza, the olive and peach utilization types were in h2 class of deficiency of humidity and citrus was in class of h3. Thus, during the growth period, their production will be reduced between 20 to 40% and 40 to 60% respectively. The results of Cervatana showed that 82.82% of the study area was talent to agriculture and the 17.18% are recommended for pasture or forest plantation. The results of the evaluation of suitability to the Almagra also showed that none of the studied utilization types are in the S1 class. The most limiting of soil factors is the frequency and spread of soil texture, useful depth, lime, profile development and sodium saturation. Finally, the peach utilization type is the most suitable product considering the climatic and the characteristics of landscape and soil, and the priority of cultivation in the area is peach, olive and citrus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land suitability
  • Sustainable development
  • MicroLEIS

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 بهمن 1397

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