ارزیابی کارایی لاین‌های خالص آفتابگردان روغنی (Helianthus annuus L.) از لحاظ جذب و مصرف فسفر خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه.

2 گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

فسفر بعد از نیتروژن، مهم‌ترین عنصر غذایی ضروری و پرمصرف مورد نیاز گیاه بوده و مهم‌ترین نقش را در تولید و انتقال انرژی دارد. در آزمایشی کارایی جذب و مصرف فسفر 100 لاین خالص آفتابگردان روغنی جمع­آوری شده از نقاط مختلف جهان، در دو شرایط بهینه و کمبود فسفر قابل جذب، بر اساس طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار، در شرایط گلدانی ارزیابی گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد لاین­ها از لحاظ وزن خشک بخش هوایی، مقدار و غلظت فسفر کل، شاخص پاسخ به کود، شاخص های کارایی جذب و مصرف فسفر و شاخص کارایی محاسبه شده فسفر تفاوت معنی­داری دارند. میانگین شاخص کودپذیری برای لاین­های آفتابگردان برابر 4/47 بود. دامنه این شاخص از 7/4 تا 7/266 گرم متغیر بود. میانگین شاخص کارایی جذب فسفر برای لاین­های آفتابگردان برابر 38/0 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بدست آمد. دامنه این شاخص بین 08/0 تا 79/0 متغیر بود. میانگین کارایی مصرف فسفر برای لاین­های آفتابگردان روغنی در شرایط کمبود فسفر برابر 67/2 و در شرایط بهینه فسفر برابر با 35/1 گرم ماده خشک بر میلی‌گرم فسفر بود. دامنه این شاخص از 11/1 تا 11/6 گرم ماده خشک بر میلی­گرم فسفر متغیر بود. دامنه تغییرات شاخص کارایی فسفر بین 3/38 تا 2/90 درصد بود. بر اساس شاخص­های اندازه‌گیری شده لاین­های 1، 73، 2، 8، 34، 46، 47، 70 و 89 به عنوان لاین­های فسفر-کارا و لاین­های 45، 56، 95، 11، 12، 27، 52، 71، 73، 78 و 94 لاین­های فسفر-ناکارا معرفی می شوند. لاین‌های فسفر-کارا می‌توانند پتانسیل بالقوه‌ای در تولید ارقام هیبرید فسفر-کارا در پروژه‌های به نژادی فراهم آورند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the efficiency of oily sunflower inbred lines (Helianthus annuus L.) in terms of adsorption and consumption of phosphorus in soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Rasoulzadeh Aghdam 1
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 2
  • Ebrahim Sepehr 3
  • Hadi Alipour 1
1 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Phosphorus after nitrogen is the most important and essential nutrient for plants, and plays a major role in the process of energy production and transfer. In an experiment, adsorption efficiency and consumption of phosphorus in 100 oily sunflower inbred lines which collected from different parts of the world were evaluated based on a completely randomized design with three replications in potted conditions under both optimum and phosphorus deficiency states. The results of analysis of variance revealed that there is a significant difference among lines in terms of aerial part dried weight, total phosphorus content and concentration, fertilizer response, phosphorus acquisition efficiency, phosphorus utilization efficiency and calculated phosphorus efficiency. The average of fertilizer response for sunflower lines was 47.35. Totally, the index varied from 4.7 to 226.7 grams. The phosphorus acquisition efficiency index ranged from 0.08 to 0.79 with an average of 0.38. The average of phosphorus utilization efficiency in optimal conditions was 2.67 and in the case of phosphorus deficit conditions it was 1.35. The index varied from 1.11 to 6.11 grams' dry matter per milligram of phosphorus. The phosphorus efficiency index varied from 32.38 to 90.22%. Based on calculated indices, the sunflower lines including 1, 73, 2, 8, 34, 46, 47, 70 and 89 are introduced as phosphorus efficient genotypes and lines including 45, 56, 95, 11, 12, 27, 52, 71, 73, 78 and 94 introduced as phosphorus non-efficient genotypes. Phosphorous efficient lines can be potentially used in the production of phosphorus efficient sunflower hybrids in the breeding programs

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic stress
  • phosphorus deficit
  • phosphorus efficient genotypes
  • sunflower

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 دی 1398

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