کارآیی ارزش شاخص عناصر غذایی (NIV) در ارزیابی حاصلخیزی اراضی دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشگاه ارومیه

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران

4 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

5 عضو هیات علمی

چکیده

حاصلخیزی خاک توصیف کننده توانایی و قابلیت خاک برای تامین شرایط بهینه رشد گیاه می­باشد. اطلاع از وضعیت حاصلخیزی خاک و تهیه نقشه­های مربوط به آن، نقش اساسی در برنامه­ریزی پایدار کشاورزی، به حداکثر رساندن سود اقتصادی، حفظ کیفیت خاک و جلوگیری از تخریب محیط زیست دارد. به­منظور ارزیابی وضعیت حاصلخیزی خاک در بخشی از دیم­زارهای جنوب استان آذربایجان­غربی و شمال استان کردستان، تعداد 101 نمونه به­صورت تصادفی از (عمق 0 تا 25 سانتی­متری) این مناطق اخذ و ویژگی­های مختلف خاک از قبیل pH، EC، کربنات کلسیم معادل و عناصر غذایی نیتروژن کل، فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن، منگنز، روی و مس تعیین شد. برای تفسیر نتایج و تهیه نقشه حاصلخیزی خاک از شاخص عناصر غذایی (NIV) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، که در 100 درصد اراضی هدایت الکتریکی در کلاس کم و pH گل اشباع در کلاس زیاد قرار دارد. کربن آلی و کربنات کلسیم معادل به­ترتیب در 72 و 61 درصد اراضی در کلاس متوسط قرار دارند. نیتروژن کل در 94 درصد اراضی در کلاس متوسط، فسفر قابل جذب در 94 درصد اراضی در کلاس کم، پتاسیم قابل جذب تقریباً در 100 درصد اراضی در کلاس زیاد، آهن قابل جذب در 88 درصد اراضی در کلاس کم، روی قابل جذب در 33 درصد اراضی در کلاس کم، 39 درصد در کلاس کفایت و در 28 درصد در کلاس زیاد، مس و منگنز قابل جذب در  100 درصد اراضی در کلاس کم قرار داشتند.با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده استنباط شد، که روش NIV واجد توانایی لازم جهت ارزیابی وضعیت حاصلخیزی خاک می­باشد و پیش­بینی­های انجام گرفته توسط این روش با حد بحرانی­های گزارش شده برای گندم دیم مطابقت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Performance of Nutrient Index Value (NIV) in Evaluation of Dryland Fertility

نویسندگان [English]

  • Naser Miran 1
  • MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani 2
  • Vali Feiziasl 3
  • Ebrahim Sepehr 2
  • Mehdi Rahmati 4
  • Salman Mirzaei 5
1 Dept of Soil Science, Urmia University
2 Dept of Soil Sci. Urmia Uni
3 Drylant research Insitute, Maragheh
4 Dept of Soil Sci, Maragheh Uni.
5 Tehran city
چکیده [English]

Soil fertility represents the soil ability to provide optimal plant growth conditions. Information on soil fertility status and preparation of related maps, plays an essential role in sustainable agricultural planning, maximizing economic benefits, maintaining soil quality, and preventing environmental degradation.In order to evaluate soil fertility status in some drylands in south of western Azerbaijan province and north of Kurdistan province, 101 samples were randomly collected and different soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), and total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) were measured.Nutrient Index Value (NIV) was used to interpret the results and map soil fertility.The results showed that 100% of the soil EC and pH of areas were classified in the low and high classes, respectively.Organic carbon (OM) and CCE were in the medium class in 72% and 61% of the areas, respectively.Total Nitrogen in 94% of areas in medium class, available P in 94% of areas in low class, K in almost 100% in high class, available Fe in 88% of areas in low class, Zn in 33% in low class, 39% in adequate class, and 28% in high class, Cu and Mn available in 100% of areas are in low class.It can be concluded that NIV method is useful to evaluate soil fertility status and its predictions conform to the reported critical level for rainfed wheat.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nutrient Index Value
  • Product performance
  • Soil Fertility Map
Adolfo C.C., Klaudia O.L., Jorge E.B., and Claudia H.M. 2007. Exploring the effect of changes in land use on soil quality on the eastern slope of the Cofre de Perote Volcano (Mexico). Forest Ecology and Management, 248 (3): 174-182.
Askari S., Owliaie H.R., Safari Y., Sedghi and Asl M. 2019. Spatial variability of some soil fertility characteristics as affected by land use change, Yasouj region. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable, 9 (1): 65-81.
Beg K., and Chaurey R., 2018. Assessment of soil fertility and nutrients status of Simrawal and part of Asrawal watershed, Tons sub-Basin, Ganga Basin.
Buol S. W., Sanchez P. A., Cate JR R. B., and Granger M. A. 1975. Soil Fertility Capability Classification System for fertility management. P. 126-145. In soil management in tropical America. E. Bornemisza and A. Alvarado, Eds. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.
 Buol S. W., 1986. Fertility Capability Classification System and its utilization. Soil Management under Humid Conditions in Asia and Pasific ASIALAND. IBSRAM, Bangkok, pp. 318-331.
Brejda J.J., Moorman T.B., Karlen D.L., and Daoan T.H., 2000. Identification of regional soil quality factors and indicators I. Central and Southern High Plains. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64 (6): 2115-2124.
Bremner J.M., and Mulvaney C., 1982. Nitrogen—Total 1. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (Methods of Soil Analysis 2), pp. 595-624.
Burt R., 2004. Soil survey laboratory methods manual.
cakmak I., 2009. Enrichment of fertilizers with zinc: An excellent investment for humanity and crop production in India. Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology, 23 (4): 281-289.
Carter M., Andrews S., Drinkwater L., Schjonning P., Christensen B., and Elmholt S., 2004. Systems approaches for improving soil quality. Managing Soil Quality: Challenges in Modern Agriculture, 261-281.
Chapin III, F.S. 1980. Nutrient allocation and responses to defoliation in tundra plants. Arctic and Alpine Research 12 (4): 553-563.
 Dadhwal K., Mandal D., and Shrimali S., 2011. Soil quality index for different land use systems in northwestern hilly region of India. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 59 (2): 169-176.
Dehghani Tafti A., Shamsi H., Morovati A., Babaei Zarch M., and Dehghani Tafti M. 2017. 'Evaluation of different amount of potassium sulphat on yield and yield components of Hulless Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under different irrigation regims. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 10(2): 213-223. (In Persian)
Feiziasl V., Valizadeh G, R., Toshih V., Taliei A. A., and Belson V. 2003. Determination of critical levels of soil micronutrients for dryland wheat in the North West of Iran. Jornal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 5 (4): 236-249. (In Persian)
Feiziasl V., Kasraei R., Moghaddam M., and Valizadeh G. R. 2004. Investigation on uptake limitation and nutrient deficiency diagnosis at applied phosphorus and zinc fertilizers by different methods in Sardari wheat. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 11: 23-33. (In Persian)
Feiziasl V., Jafarzadeh J., Pala M. and Mosavi S.B. 2009. Determination of critical levels of micronutrients by plant response column order procedure for dryland wheat (T. aestivum L.) in Northwest of Iran. International Journal of Soil Science, 4: 14-26. (In Persian)
Feiziasl V., Fotovat A., Astaraei A.R., Lakzian A., and Mousavi S. B. 2014. Effect of optimized nitrogen application in reducing drought stress effect on grain yield of some rainfed bread wheat genotypes. Seed and Plant Production Journal, 30 (2): 169-198. (In Persian)
Feiziasl V., Fotovat A., Astaraei A., Lakzian A., Mousavi Shalmani M.A. and Khorasani A. 2016. Calibration of soil available nitrogen and water content with grain yield of dry land wheat. Journal of Water and Soil, 30 (5): 1556-1573. (In Persian)
Hasanuzzaman M., Bhuyan M.H.M.B., Nahar K., Hossain M.S., Mahmud J.A., Hossen M.S., Masud A.A.C., and Moumita Fujita M. 2018. Potassium: A vital regulator of plant responses and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Agronomy, 8, 31.
Jackson M.L., 1958. Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall Inc, USA, 183-204.
Jenny H. 1980. The Soil Resource: Origen and behavior.
Juo  A.S., and Manu A. 1996. Chemical dynamics in slash-and-burn agriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 58 (1): 49-60.
Karlen D., Mausbach M.J., Doran J., Cline R., Harris R., and Schuman G. 1997. Soil quality: a concept, definition, and framework for evaluation (a guest Editorial). Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61 (1): 4-10.
Karlen D.L., Ditzler C.A., and Andrews S.S. 2003. Soil quality: why and how? Geoderma, 114 (3-4): 145-156.
Katyal J. 2003. Soil fertility management: A key to prevent desertification. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 51 (4): 378-387.
Kumar M., Singh S., Raina P., and Sharma B. 2011. Status of available major and micronutrients in arid soils of Churu district of western Rajasthan. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 59 (2): 188-192.
Kumar, R., Hazra G.C., Das R., Majumder S.P., and Das A.C. 2019. Nutrient index of available s in soils of howarah and south dinajpur districts of west Bengal, India. Journal of Current Micobiology and Applied Sciences, 8 (4): 1024-1032.
Lindsay W.L., and Norvell W.A. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper 1. Soil science society of America journal, 42 (3): 421-428.
Marschner H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2nd Edition, H. Marschner. Academic Press, NY pp.
Miran N., and Samadi A. 2012. Evaluation of nutritional status of sugar beet using Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) in comparison with Deviation from Optimum Percentage (DOP) in western Azerbaijan province. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 16 (61 (B)): 197-206. (In Persian)
Mondal K., and Ramkala R. 2016. Fertility map and horizontal soil potassium status of north-eastern region of Haryana. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8 (4): 2077-2080.
Moshiri F., Shahabi A.A., Keshavarz P., Khoogar Z., Feiziasl V., Tehrani M.M., Asadirahmani H., Samavat S., Qeibi M.N., Sadri M.H., Rashidi N., and Khademi Z. 2014. Guidelines for integrated soil fertility and plant nutrition management of wheat. Sana Press, Tehran. (In Persian)
Nelson D.W., and Sommers L.E., 1996. Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter. Methods of Soil Analysis part 3—chemical methods, pp. 961-1010.
Olsen S.R. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. United States Department of Agriculture; Washington.
Parker F., Nelson W., Winters E., and Miles I. 1951. The broad interpretation and application of soil test information. Agronomy Journal 43 (3): 105-112.
Pradhan A., Maske M., Sayre M., and Sadatpure M. 2016. Assessment of physico-chemical parameters and nutrient availability in soils of arvi and karanja blocks of wardha district, Maharashtra. Agropedology, 26 (02): 237-241.
Quine T.A., and Zhang Y., 2002. An investigation of spatial variation in soil erosion, soil properties, and crop production within an agricultural field in Devon, United Kingdom. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 57 (1): 55-65.
 
Ravikumar P., and Somashekar R.K. 2013. Evaluation of nutrient index using organic carbon, available P and available K concentrations as a measure of soil fertility in Varahi River basin, India. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 3 (4): 330.
Shahabifar J. Panahpour E., Moshiri F., Gholami A., and Mostashari M. 2019.The Effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on the uptake of phosphorus and activity of acidic and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in wheat. Applied Soil Research, 7(3):150-163. (In Persian)
Torabi Golsefidi H., Givi J., and Karimian E. 2005. Evaluation of Soils under rice cultivation using FCC and parametric comparison in Guilan province. Journal of Reseach and Construction in Agriculture and Horticulture, 68: 20-31. (In Persian)
USDA-ERS. 1997. Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators 1996–1997. Agricultural Handbook, 712. U.S. Gov. Print. Office, Washington DC, USA.
Vieira S.R., and Paz Gonzalez A. 2003. Analysis of the spatial variability of crop yield and soil properties in small agricultural plots. Bragantia 62 (1): 127-138.
Velu G., Ortiz-Monasterio I., Cakmak I., Hao Y. and Singh R. 2018. Biofortification strategies to increase grain zinc and iron concentrations in wheat. J. Cereal Science, 59: 365–372.
Warren A., and Agnew C. 1988. An assessment of desertification and land degradation in arid and semi-arid areas. IIED, International Institute for Environment and Development.
Yadav, R., and Meena M. 2009. Available micronutrients status and their relationship with soil properties of Degana soil series of Rajasthan. Journal of the Indian Society of soil science, 57 (1): 90-92.
Zhang W., and Zhang X. 2007. A forecast analysis on fertilizers consumption worldwide. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 133 (1-3): 427-434.
Zeng W.-A., Li F., Zhou H., Qin X.-L., Zou Z.-J., Tian T., Zeng M., and Liao B.-H. 2016. Effect of calcium carbonate on cadmium and nutrients uptake in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) planted on contaminated soil. Journal of Environmental Biolology, 37: 163-168.