نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی خسروشهر ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی

3 محقق مرکز تحقیقات و آمورزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی

چکیده

تغییر اقلیم کره زمین، ناشی از اثرگلخانه­ای گازهای کربنی جو زمین بوده و مهم‌ترین تهدید توسعه پایدار و امنیت غذایی به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه­خشک جهان نظیر ایران است. یکی از راهکارهای مقابله با این مشکل، ترسیب کربن در خاک و در اکوسیستم­های گیاهی است. مقدار کربن آلی در خاک سه برابر بیش از کربن در بافت تمام گیاهان و دو برابر بیش از کربن اتمسفر است. در این تحقیق تأثیر محصولات زراعی و افزودن کود دامی و کاه وکلش از طریق اندازه‌گیری برخی از ویژگی‌های ‌فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، بر میزان کربن ترسیب شده در خاک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تعدادی نمونه خاک (در مجموع 308 نمونه) از عمق صفر تا 30 سانتی­متر برداشت شد. ویژگی­های خاک نظیر بافت خاک، پی اچ، هدایت الکتریکی، کربن آلی، جرم مخصوص ظاهری و کربن ترسیب شده برآورد شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS انجام گرفت. برای تعیین توزیع مشخصات نمونه­ها از میانگین و انحراف استاندارد آمار توصیفی استفاده شد. برای ارائه مدل از روش رگرسیون گام به گام استفاده شد. تحلیل نتایج نشان داد که در بین ویژگی‌های بررسی شده خاک­ها در طی سه سال متوالی، در اثر اضافه کردن کوددامی و کاه کلش باقی‌مانده از محصول قبلی به زمین­­های زراعی، رابطه ترسیب کربن خاک با تمامی ویژگی‌های اندازه­گیری شده به غیر از شن خاک معنی­دار است. ترسیب کربن خاک در سال سوم زراعی (پیاز) از 84/4 به 68/5 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع افزایش یافت. در محصول پیاز که سال سوم و بعد از گندم کشت شده است وجود کاه و کلش حاصل از کود آلی در حدود 30 درصد و کود دامی استفاده شده در حدود 70 درصد باعث افزایش کربن آلی شده است. در نهایت ترسیب کربن به صورت نقشه برای هر دو محصول با کمک داده‌های مکان­دار برداشت شده و نرم­افزارArc Map  تهیه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Organic Fertilizers and Cropping Systems on Carbon Sequestration Performance (Case study of Tabriz plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad bybordi 1
  • Farhad Moshiri 2
  • Ali Kalantari oskuyi 1
  • saghar chakherlou 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil and Water Research, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of East Azarbaijan, Iran Khosrowshahr Agricultural Research and Development Organization

2 member of science

3 Researcher of the Research and Training Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of East Azerbaijan Province

چکیده [English]

Climate change is a major threat to sustainable development and food security due to the impact of greenhouse gases of the Earth's atmosphere, especially in arid and semi-arid regions of the world such as Iran. Carbon sequestration in soils and plant ecosystems is one way to overcome this problem. Organic carbon content in soil is three times higher than carbon in all plant tissues and twice as high as atmospheric carbon. In this study, the effects of crop production and manure and straw application on carbon sequestration were evaluated, based on some soil physical and chemical properties. Soil samples (n = 308 in total) were collected from the surface depth (0-30 cm). Soil properties such as soil texture, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, bulk density, carbon sequestration and etc. were estimated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, etc. were used to determine the distribution of specimens. Stepwise regression was used to present the model. Analysis of the results showed the significant relationship between carbon sequestration and all soil properties, except sand. Soil carbon sequestration in the third crop year (onion) increased from 4.84 to 5.68 kgm-2. In the onion crop grown in the third year after wheat, straw produced by organic fertilizer increased by 30% and organic fertilizer by 70%. Finally, carbon sequestration was mapped for both crops using locomotor data and Arc map software.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil carbon sequestration
  • Tabriz plain
  • Crops
  • organic fertilizer
  • Arc map
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