تأثیر سطوح و منابع مختلف نیتروژن و گوگرد بر عملکرد، غلظت عناصر غذایی و روغن کلزا (Brassica napus L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تیریز، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات تغذیه گیاهی، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

 
نیتروژن و گوگرد از جمله عناصری هستند که در رشد دانه­های روغنی به ویژه کلزا نقش مهمی دارند. این پژوهش برای بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و گوگرد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، غلظت و عملکرد روغن و عناصر غذایی کلزا (Brassica napus L.) رقم اکاپی به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در دو سال به­صورت مزرعه­ای در همدان اجرا شد. فاکتور اول نیتروژن در دو سطح N1) 180کیلوگرم در هکتار، N2) 240 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع اوره و فاکتور دوم گوگرد در چهار سطح S0) بدون مصرف گوگرد S1) 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار از گوگرد پودری غنی‌شده با باکتری تیوباسیلوس به‌صورت 2 درصد وزنی گوگرد، S2) 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع سولفات آمونیوم، (S3 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع گچ بود. نتایج نشان داد که تأثیر نیتروژن مصرفی بر غلظت نیتروژن برگ و غلظت و جذب نیتروژن دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد و بر گوگرد دانه در سطح احتمال پنج درصد معنادار و بر دیگر صفات، غیرمعنادار بود. اثر سطوح گوگرد مصرفی بر غلظت گوگرد برگ، عملکرد دانه و روغن و جذب نیتروژن و گوگرد دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد و بر غلظت نیتروژن برگ و روغن دانه در سطح احتمال پنج درصد معنادار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، جذب گوگرد و نیتروژن دانه و غلظت گوگرد برگ و غلظت روغن دانه به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 5069، 2135، 5/99 و 3/23 کیلوگرم در هکتار و 95/0 و 1/42 درصد از مصرف 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار گوگرد همراه با مایه تلقیح تیوباسیلوس به‌دست آمد. اثر متقابل نیتروژن و گوگرد مصرفی، فقط بر غلظت نیتروژن برگ و دانه معنادار بود. برای رشد مطلوب کلزا در خاک­های دارای ویژگی­های فیزیکوشیمیایی مشابه خاک استفاده شده در این تحقیق، کاربرد 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن همراه با 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار گوگرد غنی‌شده با باکتری تیوباسیلوس، توصیه می­گردد و مصرف تؤام این دو عنصر غذایی، باعث افزایش بیشتر عملکرد خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Nitrogen and Sulphur Different Levels and Sources on Yield, Nutrients Concentration and Oil Content of Canola(Brassica napus L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • rahim motalebifard 1
  • fereydun Nourgholipour 2
1 Research Assistant Professor of Soil and Water Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Research Assistant Professor of Plant Nutrition Research Department, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extention Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nitrogen and sulfur are the most effective nutrients in oil seed production, especially, canola. In order to study the effects of different levels of nitrogen and sulphur on seed yield, yield components, seed oil, and leaf and seed nutrients content of canola (Brassica napus L.) a factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications for two years. The first factor consisted of two nitrogen levels (N1=180 and N2=240 kg. ha-1 net nitrogen) and second factor had four sulphur levels (S0=0, S1=200 kg ha-1 powder sulphur inoculated with Thiobacillus inoculant, S2=100 kg ha-1 from ((NH3)2SO4 and S3=100 kg ha-1   from CaSO4). The results showed that effect of the nitrogen levels were significant on leaf nitrogen concentration, and seed nitrogen concentration and uptake at 0.01-probability level and seed sulphur at 0.05 probability level but was not significant on other measured attributes. Effect of the sulphur levels were significant on leaf sulphur concentration, seed and oil yield and seed sulphur concentration and uptake at 0.01 probability level and leaf nitrogen and seed oil concentration at 0.05 probability level. The maximum seed and oil yield, seed nitrogen and sulphur uptake, leaf sulphur and seed oil concentration were obtained from Slevel with 5069, 2135, 99.5 and 23.3 kg per ha and 0.95 and 42.1 percent, respectively. The two way interactions of nitrogen and sulphur were significant on leaf and seed nitrogen concentration. In general, the application of 180 kg nitrogen and 200 kg inoculated sulphur with two percent Thiobacillus inoculant would be recommended to achieve the optimum growth of canola in similar soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canola
  • Nitrogen
  • Oil
  • Sulphur
  • Yield
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