پهنه‌بندی پراکنش برخی فلزات سنگین در ذرات گرد و غبار اطراف کانون هویزه-خرمشهر و شناسایی منشأ احتمالی این فلزات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانشیار/ دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

گرد و غبار یکی از مهمترین آلاینده­های زیست­محیطی است که حاوی ذرات معلق و فلزات سنگین می­باشد. این مطالعه در سال ۱۳۹۷، با هدف بررسی میزان غلظت و تعیین توزیع فلزات سنگین گرد و غبار در اطراف کانون غبار هویزه- خرمشهر انجام شد. ۳۰ نقطه  ازمناطق مختلف شهری و روستایی جهت بررسی فلزات سنگین ذرات گرد و غبار فرونشست شده با استفاده از تله­های رسوبگیر تیله­ای در ارتفاع ۳ تا ۴ متری از سطح زمین، نمونه­­برداری شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقادیرغلظت فلزات سنگین ذرات گرد و غباربه ترتیب منگنز˂ روی˂ کروم˂ نیکل˂ سرب˂مس˂ کبالت˂ جیوه می­باشد. همچنین بیشترین میزان غلظت فلزات سنگین در مناطق جنوبی منطقه مطالعاتی  مشاهده گردید که فعالیت میادین نفتی زیاد بوده است. کمترین مقادیر غلظت عناصرسنگین گرد و غبار نیز در مناطق مسکونی روستایی مشاهده شد. در عمده ایستگاه­های مطالعاتی، دو فاکتور غنی شدگی و زمین انباشت در عناصر سنگین در ذرات گرد و غبار  بیشتر از خاک سطحی کانون غبار می­باشد. مقادیر شاخص زمین انباشت در ذرات گرد و غبار و نیز در خاک سطحی برای فلزات جیوه، سرب و منگنز (۳ ˂I geo  ≥ ۲) در محدوده آلودگی متوسط تا زیاد قرار دارند که حاکی از تاثیرپذیری فراوانی این عناصر به طور عمده از منابع مختلف انسان زاد می­باشد. نتیجه آنالیز خوشه­ای با روش تجزیه مؤلفه اصلی کاملا مطابقت دارد و می­تواند بیانگر چند منشأ مختلف (آلاینده­های نفتی، صنعتی و ترافیکی) فلزات سنگین در گرد و غبار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Source Identification and Distribution Mapping of some Heavy Metals in Dust Particles Collected Around the Hoveyzeh-Khorramshahr Dust Center

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Aminfar 1
  • ahmad landi 2
  • Saeid Hojati 3
1 Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Department of soil science, Faculty of agriculture, Shahid Chamran university, Iran
3 Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Dust is one of the most important environmental pollutants, containing particulate matter and heavy metals. The aims of this study were to determine the pollution level and to identify the distribution pattern of heavy metals in dust samples collected around the Hoveyzeh - Khorramshahr dust center. Thirty points from different urban and rural areas were taken using marble sediment traps to examine the heavy metals contents of the dust particles. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in dust particles follows the order Mn > Zn >Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > Co. Also, the highest values of enrichment factor were found in the southern parts of the study area, where the oil fields activities are predominant. The lowest concentrations of heavy metals were also observed in rural areas. In most of the stations, both values of enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index were higher in dust samples compared to those of soil samples. The values of geo- accumulation index for Hg, Pb, and Mn elements in dust particles and soil samples were in the range of medium to high pollution (2 ≥ I geo ˂ 3), indicating the impact of various human resources on distribution of these elements. The result of cluster analysis is fully consistent with the results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), indicating several sources deriving from human activities including oil, industrial and traffic on heavy metals distribution in dust samples.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation Coefficient
  • Dust
  • Enrichment Factor
  • Heavy metal
  • Pollution

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 اردیبهشت 1400

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