تأثیر اسید هومیک و اسید فولویک بر توانایی گیاه پالایی مس و کادمیوم توسط کرچک زینتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

2 علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

3 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

استفاده از یک روش ارزان قیمت و دوستدار محیط زیست جهت کاهش خطرات زیست محیطی فلزات سنگین امری ضروری است. در این پژوهش تاثیر اسیدهای هیومیک و فولویک بر فراهمی مس و کادمیوم و جذب آن­ها توسط کرچک زینتی بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو سطح 5/0 و 1 درصد (وزنی) اسیدهای هیومیک و فولویک به همراه تیمار شاهد در پنج تکرار به یک خاک آلوده به مس و کادمیوم افزوده شدند. پس از گذشت 90 روز، برخی ویژگی­های رویشی گیاه، غلظت مس و کادمیوم قابل دسترس خاک و غلظت  مس و کادمیوم ریشه و شاخساره اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد اسید هیومیک در سطح 5/0 درصد باعث افزایش خصوصیات رویشی کرچک زینتی شد. در مقابل، افزودن سطح 1 درصد اسید هیومیک و سطح 5/0 و 1 درصد اسید فولویک ویژگی­های رویشی گیاه کرچک را به طور معنی­داری کاهش داد. کاربرد سطوح 5/0 و 1 درصد اسید هیومیک به­ترتیب سبب افزایش 19 و 37 درصدی غلظت مس قابل دسترس خاک و افزایش 30 و 44 درصدی کادمیوم قابل دسترس خاک شد. در تیمارهای 5/0 و 1 درصد اسید فولویک، به­ترتیب غلظت مس قابل دسترس خاک 35 و 39 درصد و کادمیوم قابل دسترس خاک 42 و 54 درصد بیش­تر از تیمار شاهد بود. کاربرد اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک سبب افزایش معنی­دار غلظت مس و کادمیوم در شاخساره و ریشه کرچک زینتی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد.  فاکتور انباشت زیستی و فاکتور انتقال در تمامی تیمارها کمتر از 1 به دست آمد و تنها کاربرد سطح 1 درصد اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک سبب افزایش این دو فاکتور گردید. بر اساس نتایج فاکتور تجمع زیستی کرچک زینتی به عنوان یک گیاه انباشتگر محسوب نمی­شود اما کاربرد اسید هیومیک و فولویک توانست کارایی کرچک زینتی در پالایش فلزات مس و کادمیوم از خاک را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Humic and Fulvic Acids on Phytoremediation Ability of Copper and Cadmium by Ornamental Castor Bean

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojgan Jokar 1
  • Majid Hejaz 2
  • Mehdi Sarcheshmehpoor 1
  • Homayoon Farahmand 3
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar univeraity of Kerman
2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University Of Kerman
3 Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar Univerity of Kerman
چکیده [English]

It is essential to use of an inexpensive and eco-friendly method to reduce the environmental hazards of heavy metals. In this study, the effect of humic acid (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) on the availability of copper and cadmium and their uptake by ornamental castor oil was investigated in the greenhouse of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Treatments including two levels of HA and FA (0.5 and 1 %) were added to a Cu-Cd polluted soil with five replications. A treatment received no organic acid as a control. After 90 days, some plant growth characteristics, available Cu and Cd and shoot, and root Cu, Cd concentration were measured. The results showed that application of 0.5% of humic acid to soil increased the growth characteristics of ornamental castor. In contrast, the addition of humic acid at the rate of 1% and fulvic acid at the rate of 0.5 and 1% significantly reduced plant growth characteristics. Soil application of 0.5 and 1% of humic acid increased available Cu by 19 and 37% and available Cd by 30 and 44%, respectively. Available Cu and Cd in soils treated with 0.5 and 1% of fulvic acid were 35 and 39%, and 42 and 54% higher than the control. Shoot and root Cu and Cd concentration were significantly increased in plants treated with 0.5 and 1% of humic and fulvic acids. Bioaccumulation and translocation factors were less than 1 in all treatments and increased in soil treated with 1 % of HA and FA. Based on these results, ornamental castor been could not be considered as a hyperaccumulator plants. However, humic and fulvic acids can increase the phytoremediation ability of ornamental castor for Cu and Cd removal.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phytoremediation
  • Humic Substances
  • Bioaccumulation Factor
  • Heavy metals
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