تخمین دمای سطحی و عمقی خاک از داده‌های هواشناسی با استفاده از تکنیک‌های یادگیری ماشین در اقلیم فرا خشک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی- گروه مهندسی علوم خاک-دانشکده آب و خاک - دانشگاه زابل

2 حق التدریس پژوهشی دانشگاه زابل- دانشکده آب و خاک

چکیده

برآورد دقیق دما در اعماق مختلف خاک در اندرکنش زمین و جو بسیار مهم است. در این مطالعه کاربرد شش مدل مختلف یادگیری ماشین شامل شبکه عصبی مصنوعی (ANN)، درخت تصمیم­گیری (DT)، کیوبست (CB)، جنگل تصادفی (RF)، ماشین بردار پشتیبان (SVM) و رگرسیون خطی (LR) برای مدل­سازی روزانه دمای خاک در شش عمق مختلف 5، 10، 20، 30، 50 و 100 سانتی متر در کرمان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. مجموعه­ای از داده­های هواشناسی سهل الوصول شامل دمای حداکثر و حداقل، رطوبت نسبی، نقطه شبنم، تبخیر-تعرق و فشار جو به عنوان ورودی مدل­ها استفاده شد. آنالیز درجه اهمیت و همبستگی برای متغیرهای ورودی بر اساس اطلاعات دوره آماری 18 ساله انجام شد. با توجه به نتایج، عملکرد هر شش مدل بر اساس معیارهای ارزیابی (86/0 <R2 ، RMSE < 8/2 درجه سانتیگراد و Bias < 14/0 درجه سانتیگراد) در همه اعماق قابل قبول بود. با این حال، RF، ANN و SVM کارایی بسیار بالایی در تخمین دمای خاک (97/0  <R2) از خود نشان دادند. همچنین مدل DT و پس از آن LR عملکرد ضعیف­تری نسبت به بقیه داشتند. بررسی درجه اهمیت متغیرها نشان داد که از بین پارامترهای ورودی، دمای حداکثر و حداقل دارای بیشترین تاثیر در پیش­بینی دمای خاک در همه مدل­ها داشت. در نهایت می­توان با اطمینان اذعان داشت که مدل­های یادگیری ماشین نظیر جنگل تصادفی، شبکه عصبی مصنوعی و بردار پشتیبان قابلیت تخمین دمای خاک سطحی و عمقی در اقلیم خشک را در شرایط نبود تجهیزات اندازه­گیری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of Surface and Depth Soil Temperature from Meteorological Data Using Machine Learning Techniques in Hyper Arid Climate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Bameri 1
  • Mahsa khaleghi 2
1 zabol university
2 zabol university
چکیده [English]

Accurate estimation of temperature at various soil depths is crucial for land-atmosphere interactions. In this study, the application of six different machine learning models including artificial neural network (ANN), decision tree (DT), cubist (CB), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression (LR) for modeling of daily soil temperature was studied at six different depths of 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 cm in Kerman. A set of accessible meteorological data including maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, dew point, evapotranspiration and atmospheric pressure were used as input to the models. The degree of importance and correlational analysis was performed for the input variables based on the data of the 18-year statistical period. According to the results, the performance of all six models based on evaluation criteria (R2 >0.86, RMSE <2.8 ◦c and Bias <0.14 ◦c) was acceptable at all depths. However, RF, ANN and SVM showed very high efficiency in estimating soil temperature (R2 <0.97). Also, the DT model and then the LR model performed lower than the others. Examination of the importance of variables showed that among the input parameters, maximum and minimum temperature had the greatest effect on predicting soil temperature in all models. Finally, it can be safely acknowledged that machine learning models such as random forest, artificial neural network and support vector machine have the ability to estimate surface and depth soil temperatures in arid climates in the absence of measuring equipment. A set of meteorological data including maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, dew point, evapotranspiration and atmospheric pressure were used as input to the models.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Random Forest
  • Climatic Data
  • Soil Temperature Simulation
  • Data-driven Models
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