نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابغ طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

2 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس

3 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

4 گروه چوب وکاغذ، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس (GKU)

چکیده

هدایت هیدرولیکی خاک یکی از پارامترهای مهم در برآورد فرسایش‎پذیری خاک، جریان آب در خاک، رواناب و طراحی سیستم­های زهکشی می­باشد. این پژوهش به ‌منظور تعیین هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع (Ks) سطحی و زیرسطحی خاک‌های لسی حوزه آبخیز آق­امام (2) واقع در شمال شرق استان گلستان انجام ‌شد. بدین منظور از خاک سه تیپ موجود در این حوزه شامل تیپ‌های تپه، فلات لسی و تراس آبرفتی در دو لایه سطحی و زیرسطحی نمونه‌برداری شد. در این پژوهش علاوه بر تعیین Ks به روش بارافتان، برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک نظیر شوری، آهک خنثی، مواد آلی و بافت خاک در آزمایشگاه اندازه‌گیری و ارتباط آنها با Ks بررسی‌‌شد. تمامی نقشه‌ها مربوط به پراکنش  Ksسطحی و زیرسطحی و همچنین برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک در محیط GIS و از روش IDW ترسیم گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تغییرات مکانی Ks در هر دو لایه ارتباط مستقیمی باهم دارند و در لایه سطحی بیشتر از لایه زیرسطحی می‌باشد. همچنین میانگین مقدار Ks به‌جز در تیپ تراس آبرفتی که مقدار آن به‌طورکلی کم است (cm.h-1 9/0) در دو تیپ فلات رسی و تپه نسبتا بالاست (cm.h-1 9/3). نتایج آماری حاصل از روش رگرسیون چندگانه خطی و روش گام­به­گام نشان داد که از بین متغیرهای مورد بررسی، به ترتیب دو پارامتر مواد آلی و آهک خنثی بیشترین تاثیر را در تعیین مقدار Ks سطحی (R2=0.9556) و زیرسطحی (R2=0.8607) در منطقه مورد مطالعه دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Changes in Surface and Subsurface Layers of Loess Soils of East of Golestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soghra Izanloo 1
  • Mojtaba Ghareh Mahmoodlu 2
  • Nader Jandaghi 3
  • HOJJAT GHORBANI VAGHEI 4

1 MSc in watershed management, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran

3 Assistant Prof. at Rangeland and watershed management, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University

4 Natural resources department of GKU

چکیده [English]

Soil hydraulic conductivity is one of the important parameters to estimate soil erodibility, soil water flow, estimate runoff, and design drainage systems. This study was carried out to determine the hydraulic saturation (Ks) of surface and subsurface loess soils of Aghemam watershed (2) that located in the northeast of Golestan province. For this purpose, three types of soils in this area including hill, loess plateau and alluvial terrace in two surface and subsurface layers were sampled. In this study, in addition to determining Ks using the falling head method, some physicochemical properties of soil samples such as salinity, neutral lime, organic matter and soil texture were measured in the laboratory and their relationship with Ks was investigated. Then, the spatial variations of surface and subsurface saturation hydraulic conductivity in the study area were plotted using GIS software and IDW method. The spatial variations of Ks in both layers indicated its direct relationship between the two layers. However, the value of this parameter in the surface layer is more than for the subsurface layer. Also, the amount of Ks is relatively high in the two types of loess plateau and hill (3.9 cm/h), except in the alluvial terrace type, which is generally low (0.9 cm/h). The statistical results of linear multiple regression and stepwise methods showed that among the variables studied, the organic matter and neutral lime parameters, respectively, have the most impact on determining the amount of surface Ks (R2 = 0.9556) and subsurface (R2=0.8607) in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
  • Falling Head Method
  • Loess Soil
  • Soil Physicochemical Properties
  • Watershed
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