نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری دانشگاه تهران

2 - گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

استرهای اسید فتالیک ترکیبات سنتزی هستند که به عنوان نرم­کننده در ترکیبات پلی­مری و پلاستیک استفاده می­شوند. ورود این ترکیبات به محیط زیست و چرخه غذایی انسان و ایجاد انواع سرطان­ها، باعث افزایش نگرانی جهانی شده است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی غلظت استرهای اسید فتالیک در خاک در معرض شیرابه زباله (محل دفن زباله) و یافتن یک کنسرسیوم میکروبی با قابلیت تخریب این آلاینده­ها می­باشد. غلظت استرهای اسید فتالیک در خاک با استفاده از روش التراسونیک و توسط دستگاهGC-MS  اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که غلظت دی اتیل هگزیل فتالات در خاک (52/4 mg Kg-1) 6 برابر استاندارد جهانی آن (7/0mg Kg-1) بود. غنی­سازی میکروبی در محیط کشت معدنی حاوی استرهای اسید فتالیک صورت پذیرفت (دمای30 درجه سلسیوس و 120rpm) و کنسرسیوم میکروبی توانمند در تجزیه استرهای اسید فتالیک جدا شد. به منظور بررسی تجزیه بیولوژیکی استرهای اسید فتالیک توسط کنسرسیوم جداسازی شده، غلظت باقی­مانده فتالات­ها با اتیل استات استخراج و با دستگاه GC-MS  اندازه­گیری شد.  نتایج نشان داد که این کنسرسیوم توانست بالاتر از 96 درصد فتالات­های با وزن مولکولی کم دی متیل فتالات و دی اتیل فتالات و دی بوتیل فتالات  (فتالات با وزن مولکولی متوسط) را  تجزیه کند (دمای30 درجه سلسیوس و 120rpm). در مورد دی اتیل هگزیل فتالات (پرمصرف­ترین نرم­کننده جهان) نیز این کنسرسیوم توانست 55 درصد آنرا در غلظت­ 400 میلی­گرم بر لیتر تخریب نماید. بعلاوه ، تجزیه استرهای اسید فتالیک توسط این کنسرسیوم به صورت جداگانه، تقریبا به­صورت کامل صورت پذیرفت (پنج روز انکوباسیون، دمای30 درجه سلسیوس و 120rpm). نتایج ما تخریب بیولوژیکی استرهای اسید فتالیک توسط این کنسرسیوم را اثبات کرده و امکان استفاده از آن را برای پالایش زیستی فتالات در خاک­های آلوده توصیه می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Degradation of phthalic acid esters by the microbial consortium isolated from a contaminated soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shayan Shariati 1
  • Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee 2
  • Hossein Ali Alikhani 3
  • Keramatollah Rezaei 4

1 P.h.D in soil biology and biotechnology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Soil Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Department of Soil Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Food Science, Engineering, and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Phthalic acid esters are synthetic compounds used as emollients in polymer and plastic compounds. The entry of these compounds into the environment and the human food cycle and the development of a variety of cancers has raised global concerns. The purpose of this research was to investigate the concentration of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the soil exposed to the leachate (landfill) and finding a microbial consortium capable of the degradation of these pollutants. The concentration of phthalic acid esters in the soil was measured by the ultrasonic method and GC-MS. The results showed that the concentration of diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) in soil (4.52 mg/Kg) was 6 times that of its international standard (0.7 mg/Kg). Microbial enrichment was performed in a mineral salt medium containing phthalic acid esters (30 o C and 120 rpm) and a microbial consortium capable of degrading phthalic acid esters was isolated. To investigate the biodegradation of phthalic acid esters by consortium, the residual phthalate concentration was extracted with ethyl acetate and measured by GC-MS. The results showed that the this consortium was able to degrade more than 96% of low molecular weight phthalates of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate (medium molecular weight phthalate) (30 o C and 120 rpm). In the case of DEHP (the world's most widely used plasticizer), the consortium was able to degrade it by 55% at 400 mg/L. Besides, phthalic acid esters separately were degraded almost completely by this consortium (5 days incubation, 30 oC, 120 rpm). Our results demonstrate the biodegradation of phthalic acid esters by this consortium and recommend its use for bioremediation of phthalates in contaminated soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioremediation
  • Leachate
  • Phthalate
  • Plasticizers
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