نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

پستی و بلندی و آتش­سوزی، می­توانند تاثیرات قابل توجهی بر ویژگی­های خاک بگذارند. پستی و بلندی، یکی از عوامل اثر­گذار بر شدت آتش می­باشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، مقایسه اثر آتش بر ویژگی­های شیمیایی خاک در دو موقعیت بالا و پایین دست یک دامنه بود. به این منظور، یک هفته پس از آتش­سوزی، در دامنه­ای با جهت غربی واقع در روستای رزآب شهرستان سروآباد که در تابستان سال 1397 در آن آتش­سوزی رخ داده بود،  شش ترانسکت در دو منطقه سوخته و نسوخته یا شاهد (سه ترانسکت در هر منطقه) و نزدیک به هم به طول تقریبی 100 متر از بالا به پایین دامنه و به فاصله 20 متر از یکدیگر از خاک نمونه­برداری شد. در مجموع تعداد 36 نمونه خاک برداشت و برخی از خصوصیات شیمیایی شامل کربن، نیتروژن، فسفر، کلسیم، منیزیم، پتاسیم ، pH و EC  اندازه­گیری گردید.  نتایج نشان داد تمامی متغیر­های اندازه­گیری شده خاک، در بالای دامنه منطقه نسوخته از پایین دامنه نسوخته کمتر بود. اما در منطقه سوخته، مقدار pH و هدایت الکتریکی و کلسیم در بالای دامنه نسبت به پایین دامنه، افزایش بیشتری یافت. همچنین مقدار کربن و نیتروژن در بالای دامنه افزایش کمتری نسبت به پایین دامنه داشته است. مقدار فسفر خاک سوخته فقط در بالای دامنه نسبت به خاک نسوخته تفاوت داشت. به­طور کلی می­توان گفت با مقایسه ویژگی­های خاک سوخته در طول دامنه در دو موقعیت بالا و پایین دامنه، به­طور غیرمستقیم شدت آتش در این دو موقعیت می­تواند سنجیده شود.   با توجه به تغییرات ویژگی­های خاک در منطقه سوخته، شدت آتش در بالای دامنه ، به دلیل انتقال حرارت از پایین به بالای دامنه، بیشتر بوده ­است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation influece of wildfire on the chemical properties of forest soil at the top and toe slope in Sarvabad, Kurdistan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • vahid Hosseini
  • Kyomars Mohammadi Samani
  • Fatemeh Abdolmaleki

Department of Forestry, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Soil properties can be greatly affected by both topography and fire. Topography is one of the factors affecting the fire intensity. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of fire on chemical soil properties at top and toe of hillside slope. In order to sampling, one week after fire, three transects were installed with a length of approximately 100 meters from top to toe and interval of 20 meters from each other on the western slope in each area (burned and unburned) where the fire occurred in the summer of 2018 in Sarvabad area. Totally, 36 soil samples were collected and some properties were measured including: carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, pH, EC, potassium, calcium and magnesium.The results showed that all chemical soil parameters were lower in the upper position than in the toe position slope in control area. However, the pH and electrical conductivity and calcium of soil increased more at the top than toe position of the slope in the burned area. Also, the amount of carbon and nitrogen of soil has increased at the top less than toe of the slope. The amount of soil phosphorus showed significantly difference in the burned soil at the top of the slope in comparision to the control. In general, the intensity of fire in these two positions can indirectly measure by comparison soil properties at top and toe of slope in burned area. Because of changes on soil chemical properties in the burned area, it seems that the fire intensity was higher at the top of the slope due to heat transfer from the bottom to the top of the slope.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fire
  • forest soil
  • northern Zagross
  • slope position
  • topography
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