نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه ارومیه

2 گروه علوم خاک ارومیه

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه تأثیر بیوچار غنی شده و باکتری­های حل کننده­ فسفات بر جزءبندی فسفر خاک، یک آزمایش انکوباسیون فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 6 تیمار شامل ( باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات (PSB)، بیوچار معمولی سیب-انگور (BC)، مخلوط بیوچار معمولی سیب - انگور و باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات (BC-PSB)، بیوچارغنی شده با خاک فسفات و باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات (BC-RP-PSB)، سوپرفسفات تریپل (TSP) و شاهد(Cont)) و 2 نوع خاک با EC­های مختلف (2 و 15 dS m-1)، در خاک­های حوضه دریاچه ارومیه اجرا گردید. فسفر اولسن، pH و اجزاء فسفر معدنی در زمان­های 7، 30 و 60 روز انکوباسیون اندازه­گیری و از لحاظ آماری آنالیز گردید. بر اساس نتایج، تیمارهای BC-PSB-RP و BC-PSB به­طور متوسط pH نمونه خاک­های S1 و S2 را بترتیب 1/0 و 4/0 واحد کاهش دادند. در اثر اعمال بیوچار غنی شده با باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات (BC-RP-PSB) مقدار فسفر اولسن خاک S1 و S2 به ترتیب از 6 و 7 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم به 3/35 و 7/41 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم خاک (P<0.01) افزایش یافت. تیمارهای میکروبی (PSB، BC-PSB و BC-RP-PSB) توزیع و مقدار اشکال فسفر معدنی خاک­ها را بطور معنی­دار تحت تأثیر قرار دادند. بطوریکه تیمار BC-PSB-RP مقدار دی­کلسیم فسفات خاک S1 را  10 برابر و خاک S2 را 2/5 برابر افزایش داد. در مقابل مقادیر اکتاکلسیم­فسفات، فسفات­های­آلومینیوم و آپاتیت را بطور معنی­دار کاهش دادند. با توجه به نتایج همبستگی، فسفر اولسن با دی کلسیم فسفات، آپاتیت و فسفر پیوندشده با آهن همبستگی معنی­دار داشت احتمالا در عصاره­گیری فسفر اولسن، فـسفر از این اجزاء معدنی آزاد می­شود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد استفاده از بیوچار غنی­شده با باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات باعث ابقاء فسفر در طول دوره انکوباسیون در فاز لبایل و قابل جذب برای گیاه گردید و تاثیر بهتری در افزایش فراهمی فسفر در شرایط شور داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Enriched Biochar and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on the Distribution of Phosphorus Forms in a Saline and non-Saline Soil of Lake Urmia Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghaye Mousavi 1
  • MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani 1
  • Ebrahim Sepehr 1
  • mohsen barin 2

1 urmia university

2 Urmia University

چکیده [English]

To study the effect of enriched biochar (EB) by phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on soil phosphorus (P) fractionation and explain the change in soil phosphorus availability by determining changes in different forms of phosphorus, a factorial incubation experiment in a randomized complete design with six treatments (fertilizer treatments (control (count), biochar (BC), phosphate fertilizer (TSP), Biochar-Rock phosphate (BC-RP), biochar- PSB (BC-PSB) and enriched-biochar with rock phosphate and PSB (BC-RP-PSB) and two soil types with different EC (2 and 15 dS m-1) was studied in saline soils around Lake Urmia. Olsen-P, pH and different forms of inorganic P were determined by sequential extraction method at 7, 30 and 60 days of incubation. The results showed that on average, the BC-PSB-RP and BC-PSB treatments reduced the pH of soils S1and S2 0.1 and 0.4 unit, respectively. BC-PSB-RP treatments reduced Olsen-P of S1 and S2 soils from 6 to35.3 mg.kg-1 and 7 to 41.7 mg.kg-1, respectively. Microbial treatments significantly (p <0.01) altered the distribution and amount of inorganic P forms. BC-PSB-RP reatment increased the amount of Ca2-P fraction in S1 soil by 10 and in S2 soil by 5.2 time. However, the amounts of Ca8-P, Al –P and Ca10-P fractions reduced significantly. Olsen P positively and significantly correlated with Ca2-P, Fe-P, and Ca10-P fractions and suggesting that in the extraction of Olsen-P, phosphorus is released from these mineral fractions. The results showed that the use EB by PSB can provide long-term P supply to plants and had a better effect on increasing the availability of P in saline conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • phosphorus
  • availability
  • saline soils
  • biochar
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